These boundaries include climate change through greenhouse gases, the extinction of species, increasing nitrogen from fertilizers, and the loss of lands and forests to farming. As a greenhouse gas, carbon dioxide levels should remain at 350 parts per million, but the atmosphere is currently at 400 parts per million. Nitrogen should remain at 62 Tg and the present total is 150 Tg, while the boundary for maintaining 75% of the world’s land area as forest is now at only 62%. All of the planet’s ecosystems are interconnected. Since the planet has crossed the four boundaries, there is a possibility that the others will be exceeded soon too
These boundaries include climate change through greenhouse gases, the extinction of species, increasing nitrogen from fertilizers, and the loss of lands and forests to farming. As a greenhouse gas, carbon dioxide levels should remain at 350 parts per million, but the atmosphere is currently at 400 parts per million. Nitrogen should remain at 62 Tg and the present total is 150 Tg, while the boundary for maintaining 75% of the world’s land area as forest is now at only 62%. All of the planet’s ecosystems are interconnected. Since the planet has crossed the four boundaries, there is a possibility that the others will be exceeded soon too