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66 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
How are wines classified in Italy?
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Four classifications. Two at the QWPSR level and two at the Table Wine level. DOCG, DOC, IGT, Vino da Tavola
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What is DOCG?
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Meets all DOC requirements, must be bottled in region of production, and subject to tasting.
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What is DOC?
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Like AOC. Specifies geographical area, permitted grape varieties and minimum alcohol level. May dictate production methods, including aging.
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What is IGT?
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Equivalent of Vin de Pays. Permits more freedom of area and grape. Can be sourced from wider area - important for brands.
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What is Vino da Tavola?
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May not state geographical source, variety, or vintage.
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How are wines labeled in Italy?
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By Locale, by grape plus locale, and historical.
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What does Classico mean?
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Wines made from the original, better (hilly) part of the appellation.
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What does Riserva mean?
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Applied to wine of average quality that has been aged longer.
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What soils exist in Italy?
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Marine (clay over limestone), Volcanic, Alluvial.
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Describe viticulture in Italy.
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In North, high trellising using pergola method, low density; South, bush-trained; others: high density, classic two-wire shoot-positioning trellising (both single and double replacement cane)
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Describe viniculture in Italy.
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Older methods: open vat fermentation, old oak, longer maceration times; New methods: temperature control, stainless steel, shorted maceration times, aging in barriques.
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What are the key regions of Piemonte?
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Barolo, Barbaresco, Lange, Roero, Ghemme, Gattinara, Barbera d'Asti, Dolcetto d'Alba, Gavi, Moscato d'Asti
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Describe Barolo.
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Nebbiolo. Complex aromas of black fruit, rose, liquorice, hay. High in alcohol, tannin, acidity.
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Describe Barbaresco.
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Nebbiolo. May not have as much complexity of Barolo.
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Describe Langhe.
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Overlaps Barolo and Barbaresco.
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Describe Roero.
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Sandy soils. More approachable Nebbiolo. Whites of Arneis (peach and apricot flavors).
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Describe Ghemme & Gattinara.
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Nebbiolo.
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Describe Barbera d'Asti.
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Barbera. High acidity and low tannin levels.
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Describe Dolcetto d'Alba.
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High tannin, little acidity, ripe damson fruit; limestone
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What is Gavi?
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Cortese. Steely, good acidity; limestone
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What are the main regions of Lombardia?
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Valtellina (Nebbiolo with more acidity and less alcohol than Barolo), Franciacorta (sparkling wines)
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What are the main regions of Liguria?
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Mostly whites from Vermentino.
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Describe Trentino.
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Italian-speaking region. Crisp, light Pinot Grigio; local red from Terlodego.
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Describe Alto Adige.
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German-speaking region. Reds from Schiava and Lagrein; whites from Riesling, Pinot Grigio, Sauvignon Blanc, Traminer Aromatico.
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What are the main regions of Fruili?
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Grave del Friuli, Collio.
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Describe Grave del Friuli.
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Flat gravelly plain, most wine is red; Refosco and light Bordeaux blends
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Describe Collio.
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Red and white wines that may be varietally labeled; some of best whites; high levels of acidity and alcohol. International varieties plus Friulano, Malvasia.
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What are Picolit and Ramandola?
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Other DOCGs of Friuli producing expensive dessert wines of Picolit (in Picolit) and Verduzzo (in Ramandola).
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What are the main regions of Veneto?
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Valpolicella, Bardolino, Soave
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Describe Valpolicella.
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Limestone and granite; Corvina, Rondinella, Molinara. Light and fruity. Duck, ham, charcuterie.
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Describe Valpolicella Classico.
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Better vineyards for Valpolicella.
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Describe Amarone della Valpolicella.
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Passito style of Valpolicella. Chocolate, dark rum, and leather.
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Describen Recioto dell Valpolicella.
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Ripasso technique where unpressed skins from Amarone is added to Valpolicella. Refermentation adds alcohol, tannins, complexity. Good with blue cheese.
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Describe Bardolino.
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Light, fruity red made from same grapes as Valpolicella.
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Describe Bardolino Chiaretto.
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DOC for rose.
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Describe Soave.
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Garganega. Volcanic hills, with basalt subsoil. Good acidity and floral notes of chamomile and iris.
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Describe Emilia-Romagna.
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Flat, fertile land. Lambrusco and Sangiovese.
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Describe Tuscany.
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Two bands running North and South; coastal strip at low altitude has maritime influence good for Bordeaux varietals; inland with wide range of day and night temperatures develops aromas and retains acidity, higher altitudes
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What are Super-Tuscans?
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Wine from Tuscany that blends Sangiovese with Bordeaux varietals (mostly Cabernet Sauvignon and Merlot)
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Describe Sangiovese in Tuscany.
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High in acidity and tannin with medium alcohol; earth, blueberry and sour cherry
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What is Chianti Classico?
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Greatest examples of Chianti; original place where grown; six satellites
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What are the main Chianti Classico satellites?
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Chianti Classico, Ruffina, Colli Senesi
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Describe Brunello di Monalcino.
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Sangiovese. Maritime-alpine climate. Minimum aging of five years.
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Describe Vino Nobile di Montepulciano.
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Sangiovese. Matures quickly but lacks finesse of Brunello.
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What is Vernaccia di San Gimignano?
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White DOCG in Tuscany.
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What are the main regions of Marche?
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Conero and Verdicchio dei Castelli di Jessi
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Describe Conero.
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Red wine appellation in Marche. Montepulciano.
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Describe Verdicchio dei Castelli di Jessi.
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White wine appellation in Marche. Fennel, candied fruit, and minerality.
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What are the main regions of Umbria?
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Orvieto and Montefalco Sagrantino.
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Describe Orvieto.
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Inexpensive whites from Tebbiano, Grechetto, Malvasia, and Vedello.
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Describe Motefalco Sagrantino.
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Reds from Sagrantino. Balance of alcohol, tannins, and acidity similar to Nebbiolo.
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What are the main regions of Lazio?
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Frascati
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Describe Frascati.
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Whites of Malvasia and Trebbiano. Herbal. Low-priced blends.
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What are the main grapes of Abruzzo?
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Montepulciano and Trebbiano.
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Describe Montepulciano d'Abruzzo.
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Red of Montepulciano. Gamey nose with high levels of tannin, alcohol, and acidity.
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What are the main regions of Campania?
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Turasi, Greco di Tufo, Fiano d'Avellino
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Describe Turasi.
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Aglianico. Barolo of the South - high acidity and high tannin. Must be aged for three years. Black berry, black cherry, new oak flavors.
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Describe Fiano.
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Whites with quince character.
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Describe Greco.
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Whites with spicy, herbal note and citrus.
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What are the main regions of Puglia?
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Salice Salentino and Copertino, plus Primitivo di Manduria
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Describe Salice Salentino and Copertino.
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Almost Port-like. Blend of Negromaro and Malvasia Nera.
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What is the main region of Basilicata?
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Aglianico del Vulture
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Describe Aglianico del Vulture.
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Not as refined as wines of Turasi; vulcanic cone of Mt Vulture
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Describe Sicilia IGT.
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Traditional varieties of Nero d'Avola, Inzolia, Catarratto with international varietals such as Shiraz and Chardonnay.
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Describe Avola.
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Extreme temperatures. Balanced, elegant wines with fine tannins and plum, mulberry notes.
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What wines are found in Sardegna?
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Cannonau (Grenache) in single varietal or blended with Carignano (Carignan); plus Vermentino and Vernaccia.
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