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13 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Tang dynasty
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First dynasty to unite China after the fall of the Han dynasty
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Li Yuang and Tang Taizang
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Founders of the Tang Dynasty; Latter first emperor; Both Father and Son
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Tributary States
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Countries that were forced to pay annual tribute to a larger more powerful country such as Tibet, Korea and Taiwan to China
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Bureaucracy
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The position of government where people are trained to run it.
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Civil Service Exam
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Test in China that determined whether someone was able to practice bureaucracy
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China's Land Reform
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Process by which the government of China took land away from the rich and redistributed it to the peasants, which caused the peasants to gain confidence in the government and prevented the landowners from challenging the government
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Dynastic Cycle
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Rise and fall of the Chinese dynasties according to the Mandate of Heaven: 1) New dynasty restores peace, appoints loyal officials, redistributes land to the peasants, builds canals, irrigation systems, and roads, and repairs defensive walls; 2) Aging dynasty neglects government duties, ignores corrupt officials, loses control of the provinces, imposes heavy taxes to pay for luxury items for the royal family, and allows defensive walls to decay; 3) The dynasty is destroyed and replaced by a new dynasty because of problems such as floods, famine, earthquakes, invasions, armed bandits in the provinces, and peasant revolts
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Song Dynasty (962-1279)
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Founded by Zhao Kuangnin after the fall of the Tang dynasty; controlled less territory than the Tang dynasty; faced constant invasions from the Mongols in the North; once the Mongols gained the upper hand, the Song retreated south of the Huang river
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Accomplishments of the Song
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The Song found a new, more durable species of rice, which increased the economy, which caused the population to explode; The Grand Canal was created, connecting the Huang and Chang rivers, easing travel
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What was China's order of social classes?
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1) Gentry (Landowners); 2) Peasants; 3) Merchants (at the bottom because of Confucian beliefs); Women's role in society was in the home and they practiced foot binding
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Genghis Khan
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Originally Temujin; united the warring clans of Mongolia; known for being ruthless, determined and courageous
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Pax Mongolica
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Period which brought relative peace in the Mongol empire; promoted trade and cultural diffusion; religious tolerance in the empire
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1279
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Year Kublai Khan captured Southern Song dynasty
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