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40 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What are the different types of microorganisms and pathogens?
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Bacteria, Fungus, Rickettsia, virus, protozoa
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Bacteria |
One celled organisms that cause disease. Cocci (round shaped arranged in chains, custards or tetrads), bacilli (rod shaped), spiral (curved rod) |
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Rickettsia
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Genus of bacteria known as parasites that must live inside another organism in order to survive (Ticks, Fleas, mites, lice)
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Virus
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Grow and reproduce only after infecting a host sell and attacking the R N A and D N A (H I V)
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Fungus
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Simple, single-celled organism (yeast, mold, mushrooms)
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Protozoa
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Disease-causing microorganisms that mainly live in soil. Unicellular, animal-like microorganisms
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What are the stages of disease?
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Incubation, prodromal, acute, declining, convalescent
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Incubation stage
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First stage, interval between exposure and the appearance of the first symptoms
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Prodromal Stage
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Second Stage, Marks the interval between the earliest symptoms and the appearance of a rash or elevated temperatures. (weakness and fatigue)
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Acute Stage
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Third Stage, Symptoms peak and the patients feel the worst
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Declining Stage
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Forth Stage, Lessening of symptoms and patient starts to feel better
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Convalescent Stage
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Last stage. Recovery period and symptoms had disappeared and the patient has regained full strength
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What are the two organizations that play an important role in safety guidelines and regulation?
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Centers for Disease control and Prevention ( C D C)
Occupational safety and Health Administration (O S H A) |
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C D C
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Instruct health care providers on how to minimize the risk of disease transmission when providing care
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O H S A
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Regulated by the U S department of labor to ensure safe, healthy working conditions for Americana's
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What are universal/standard precautions
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P P E, Vaccinations, Exposure control, Disposal of Bio-hazard waste
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Bio-Hazard Waste
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Containers that hold bodily fluids
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Sharps container
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Needles, scalpel blades, capillary tubes and broken glass or slides
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What are the different levels of Asepsis?
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Sanitation, disinfection, Sterilization
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Sanitation
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removal of microorganisms using chemical, heat, or ionizing radiation
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Disinfection
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involves the application of a substance to equipment, surfaces or other item to kill pathogenic microorganisms
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Sterilization
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eliminates all microorganisms from a surface or instruments through exposure to chemicals, ionizing radiation, dry-heat gas or steam
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Autoclave
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a device that sterilizes items using steam-pressure of a temperature of 250 to 270 degrees F (120 to 130 degrees C) with 15 pound of pressure. This causes proteins in microorganisms to coagulate; when chamber cools, the condensation of steam causes the explosion of all microorganism cells, ensuring their complete destruction
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What are the different types of Asepsis
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Medical Asepsis: destruction of pathogenic microorganisms after they leave the body
Surgical Asepsis: practice of destroying all pathogenic microorganisms before the enter the body |
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Normal Flora
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Organisms found in the body that do not cause disease and are sometimes beneficial
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Parasite
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Pathogen requiring another living organism in order to survive
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Prion
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Proteinaceous infectious particle that can cause a spongeifrom encephalopathy
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Smear
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Bacterial growth sample that is spread onto a microscope slide for staining purposes
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What are the different types of Microbiology testing?
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Culture and Sensitivity ( C&S) test, gram stain, fungal culture, viral culture, acid-fast hydroxide (A F B) stain, Potassium hydroxide (K O H) stain, O&P determination
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What are the majority of testing preformed in microbiology?
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Throat culture, Sputum culture and Wound culture
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Blood culture bottles, blood agar plate, nutrient agar plate
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Culture media used in the microbiology laboratory
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What is an O&P culture
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Collect patients feces for testing
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-ectomy
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Excision, surgical removal
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-centesis
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Surgical puncture
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-stomy
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Mouth like opening
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-Plasty
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Surgical repair
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Aerobic
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Organism that need oxygen to survive
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Anaerobic
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Bacteria that need environment with w/o oxygen
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Gram stain
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Red/Purple dye
Gram positive bacteria retain the violet stain where gram negative does not |
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Agar plate
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Red/white
Ideal growth area |