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60 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Coloboma |
Failure of the optic cup to close in the retinal fissure |
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Coloboma |
Involves the inferior nasal quadrant if the uvea |
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Coloboma |
White sclera, notching defect of lens, key hole pupil |
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Aniridia |
Failure of the anterior growth and differentiation of the optic cup |
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Aniridia |
Photophobia, VA of 20/200 deteriorates with corneal opacification and glaucoma optic atrophy, cataracts |
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Aniridia |
Results in a rudimentary iris concealed behind the corneoscleral limbus |
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Hypochromia |
Lighter iris |
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Hyperchromia |
Darker iris |
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Iris Atrophy |
Blood vessel and collagen fiber atrophied and replaced by a sclerosed network of collagen tissues |
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Neovascular glaucoma |
Eventually iris atrophy causes |
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Iris Atrophy |
Most of the time seen in children causing blurred vision, diplopia or distorted image |
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Rubeosis Iridis |
Fine, markedly tortuous anastomosed, tightly meshed network of blood vessels on the surface and w/in the stroma of the iris |
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Rubeosis Iridis |
May cover the trabecular meshwork and cause neovascular glaucoma |
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Uveitis |
Intra-ocular inflammation involving the uveal tract and adjacent ocular structures |
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Uveitis |
Eye redness, blurring of vision, tearing , photophobia, pain or discomfort, floaters |
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Uveitis |
EOM not affected, there can be dull pains, irregularly shaped, eccentric poorly dynamic pupils, conjunctival injection |
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Keratic precipitates |
Main clinical findings in uveitis |
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Keratic precipitates |
Aggregates of inflammatory cells on the corneal endothelium |
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Arlt's Triangle |
Base down configuration of keratic precipitates on the endothelium |
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Keratic precipitates |
After resolutuon, disappears completely, becomes smaller, translucent, or pigmented |
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Small Keratic Precipitates |
Non-granulomatous, neutrophils, lymphocytes, acute inflammation |
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Large Keratic Precipitates |
Granulomatous, macrophages, giant cells, chronic inflammation, severe |
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Dendrites |
Inflammed or enlarged corneal nerve, jnfected probably by herpes virus |
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Band keratopathy |
Calcium deposits on corneal epithelium, usually in the interpalpebral region of cornea |
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Band keratopathy |
Caused by chronic inflammation, the pH balance in the surface of the eye changes and it favors depositio of calcium |
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Uveitis |
Moth eaten iris, absent crypt, iris atrophy, synechia, nodules, heterochromia |
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Koeppe nodules |
Nodules located in the pupillary border |
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Busacca nodules |
Nodules in the iris body or stroma |
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Berlin's nodules |
Nodules found in the angles |
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Uveitis |
Immune cells on the anterior chamber and flare |
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Flare |
Increased protein content in aqueous due to damaged iris blood |
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Indirect Ophthalmoscope |
Ideal for defining extent and height of retinal and choroidal lesions |
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Indirect Ophthalmoscope |
Penetrates vitreous haze, media opacities, cataract |
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Indirect Ophthalmoscope |
Gives wider view of fundus and inverted view |
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78/90 D lens |
Ideal for viewing vascular abnormalities, intraretinal lesions, vitreoretinal traction |
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Hruby Lens |
Better for assessing macular edema |
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Uveitis |
Snowballs, haze, strands, membranes, vitreo-retinal traction in Vitreous |
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Vascular sheating |
Inflammatory cells around blood vessels |
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Infiltrates |
Similar to cotton wool spots deep within the retina |
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Hemorrhage |
Can be red in color, typically described as dot blot, pinpoint, flame or spindle shaped |
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Cotton wool spots |
Yellow in color, cotton wool spots are fluffier in appearance |
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Exudates |
Yellow in color with distinct borders |
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Granuloma |
Organized collection of macrophages in inner retina |
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Depigmentation |
There is lighten up of iris, normay red orange and white scars due to infections |
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Rhegmatogenous |
Occurs when a tear/break/hole in the retina leads to fluid accumulation w/ a separation of the neurosensory retina from RPE |
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Non-Rhegmatogenous |
No retinal tear, exudative, serous, tractional |
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Subretinal Fibrosis |
A cause of chronic inflammation resulting to scarring, appears as plaque and bands if yellow white tissue |
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Choroidal Lesions |
Appear as grayish yellow elevated masses |
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Cystoid Macular Edema |
Fluid accumulation underneath the macula, with petaloid appearance |
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Pars plana snowbanking |
Accumulation of white fibroglial mass over pars plana and adjacent retina |
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Retinal Periphery |
Pars plana snowbanking |
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Anterior Uveitis |
Involves only the iris, coenea up to the pars plica |
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Anterior Uveitis |
HLA-B27 related: ankylosing spondylitis, Reiter's JIA, viral |
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Intermediate Uveitis |
Pars plana involves more of the ciliary body, vitreous and lens |
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Intermediate Uveitis |
Pars planitis, TB |
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Posterior Uveitis |
Pars plana up to the optic nerve |
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Posterior Uveitis |
Posterior scleritis, TB |
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Panuveitis |
Combination of the 3 |
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Panuveitis |
TB, VKH, toxoplasma, toxocara |
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Mydriatic-cycloplegocs |
Topical medical management for Uveitis |