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90 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Popular Consent
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Gains power from those governed
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Virginia Plan
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Represented more populous states
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Statism
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Individual states are supreme
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Representative Democracy
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Citizens elect officials to run government
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Theoracy
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Religious leaders claim divine guidance
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Democracy
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Government by the people
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Antifederalist
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Oppised ratification of the Constitution
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League of Friendship
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Articles of Confederation
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Direct Democracy
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Citizens discuss/pass laws and select rules
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Unicameral
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One house legislature
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New Jersey Plan
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Represented smaller states
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Four Freedoms
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F.D.R. proclaimed as a 2nd Bill of Rights
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Connectiut Compromise
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Great Compromise
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"The Federalist"
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Series of essays supporting the Constitution
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Ideology
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Basic belief about power and government
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Federalist
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Supported the new government
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Bicameralism
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The priniple of a 2 house legislature
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Demagogues
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Gains power by appealing to emotions.
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Republic
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Refers to a democracy
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Constitutionalism
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Refers to how power is granted/dispersed/limited
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Mandate
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Unfunded federal requirements
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Intrastate Commerce
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Trade within "the state"
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McCulloch v Maryland
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Extended national supremacy
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Horizontal federalism
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Cooperation between the states
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Centralist
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Supports national involvement in issues
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Block grant
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Grouped money for federally funded projects
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Interstate commerce
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Trade within the states
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Concurrent
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Powers shared between states and federal government
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Comparable worth
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Equal pay for equal work
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Revenue sharing
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Federal money with "no strings attached"
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politics
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Deciding who gets what, when and how
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political science
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The study of politics: who governs, for what ends, and by what means
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government
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Organization extending the whole society that can legitamately use force to carry out its decisions
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legitimacy
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wipespread acceptance of something as necessary, rightful, and legally binding.
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social contract
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Idea that government originated as an implied contract among individuals who agree to obey laws in exchange for protection of their rights
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public goods
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Goods and services that cannot readily be provided by markets, either because they are too expensive for a single individual to buy or because if one person bought them, everyone else would use them without paying.
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free market
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free competition for voluntary exchange among individuals, firms, and corporations.
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gross domestic product (GDP)
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Measure of economic performance in terms of the nation's total production of goods and services for a single year, valued in terms of market prices.
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externalities
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cost imposed on people who are no direct participants in an activity
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income transfers
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government transfers of income from taxpayers to persons regarded as deserving
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democratic ideals
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individual dignity, equality before the law, widespread participation in public decisions, and public decisions by majority rule, and one person having one vote.
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limited government
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Principle that government power over the individual is limited, that there are some personal liberties that even a majority cannot regulate, and that government itself is restrained by law.
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totalitarianism
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rule by an elite that exercised unlimited power over individuals in all aspects of life.
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authoritarianism
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Monopoly of political power by an individual or small group that otherwise allows people to go about their private lives as they wish
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constitutional government
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A government limited by rule of law in its power over the liberties of individuals
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direct democracy
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Governing system in which every person participates actively in every public decision, rather than delegating decision making to representatives
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representative democracy
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Governing system in which public decision making is delegated to representatives of the people chosen by popular vote in free, open, and periodic elections.
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elitism
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Political system in which power is concentrated in the hands of a relatively small group of individuals or institutions
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pluralism
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Theory that democracy can be achieved through competition among multiple organized groups and that individuals can participate in politics through group memberships and elections.
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political culture
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Widely shared views about who should govern, for what ends, and by what means.
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values
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shared ideas about what is good and desirable
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beliefs
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shared ideas about what is true
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subcultures
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Variations on the prevailing values and beliefs in a society
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classial liberalism
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Political philosophy asserting the worth and dignity of the individual and emphasizing the rational ability of human beings to determine their own destinies
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capitalism
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Economic system asserting the individual's right to own private property and to buy, sell, rent, and trade that property in a free market
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legal equality
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Belief that the laws should apply to all persons
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political equality
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Belief that every person's vote counts equally
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equality of opportunity
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Elimination of artificial barriers to success in life and the opportunity for everyone to strive for success.
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equality of results
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Equal sharing of income and material goods regardless of one's efforts in life
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social mobility
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Extent to which people move upward or downward in income and status over a lifetime or over generations
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Class conflict
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Conflit between upper and lower social classes over wealth and power
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class consciousness
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Awareness of one's class position and a feeling of political solidarity with others within the same class in oppostion to other classes
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immigration policy
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Regulating the entry of non-citizens into the country
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aliens
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Persons residing in a nation who are not citizens
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amnesty
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Government forgiveness of a crime, usually granted to a group of people
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illegal immigration
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The unlawful entry of a person into a nation
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Conservatism
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Belief in the value of free markets, limited government, and individual self-reliance in economic affairs, combined with a belief in the value of tradition, law, and morality in social affairs.
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liberalism
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Belief in the value of strong government to provide economi security and protection for civil rights, combines with a belief in personal freedom from government intervention in social conduct
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libertarian
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Opposing government intervention in both economic and social affairs, and favoring minimal government in all sectors of society
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Left
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A reference to the liberal, progressive and/or socialist side of the political spectrum
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Right
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A reference to the conservative, traditional, anticommunist side of the political spectrum
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fascism
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Political ideology in which the state and/or race is assumed to be supreme over individuals
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Marxism
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The theories of Karl Marx, among them that capitalists oppress workers and that worldwide revolution and the emergence of a classless society are inevitable
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Leninism
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The thoeries of Vladimir Lenin, among them being that advanced capitalist countries turned toward war and colonialism to make their own workers relatively prosperous
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Communism
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System of government in which a single totalitarian party controls all means of production and distribution of goods and services
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socialism
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System of government involving collective or government ownership of economic enterprise, with the goal being equality of results, not merely equality of opportunity.
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End of History
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The collapse of communism and the worldwide movement toward free markets and political democracy
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Potically Correct (PC)
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Repression of attitudes, speech, and writings that are deemed racist, sexist, homophobic, or otherwise "insensitive"
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Passport
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Evidence of US citizenship, allowing people to travel abroad and reenter the United States
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Visa
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A document or stamp on a passport allowing a person to visit a foreign country
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Secular
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In politics, a reference to opposition to religious practices and symbols in public life
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ideology
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Consistent and integrated system of ideas, values, and beliefs
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T/F
The United States is one of the few nations to operate under a direct democracy |
False
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T/F
A representative Democracy is one in which those who have authority to make decisions with the force of law acquire and retain this authority either directly or indiretly as the result of the election process. |
True
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T/F
The United States has survived as a result of refining and perfecting seven different constitutions |
False
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T/F
As citizens, our sense of government comes primarily from family opinions and attitudes |
True
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T/F
Federalist emerged in the US due to the opposition to the new constitution |
False
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T/F
Under the Articles of Confederation, the Executive branch of government was strong |
False
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T/F
As a country, our heritage came from our unsuccessful attempt at government through the Articles of Confederation |
False
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T/F
The creation of a constitution helped provide legitimacy to our new government |
True
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