Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Fossil
|
Preserved remains or evidence of an ancient organism
|
|
Adaptation
|
Inherited characteristic that increases an organism’s chance of survival
|
|
Evolution
|
Change in a kind of organism over time; Process by which modern organisms have descended from ancient organisms
|
|
Natural Selection
|
Process by which individuals that are better suited to their environment survive and reproduce most successfully; Also called Survival of the fittest
|
|
Homologous Structures
|
Structures that have different mature forms in different organisms but develop from the same embryonic tissues
|
|
Vestigial Organ (Structure)
|
Organ that serves no useful function in an organism
Example: Appendix |
|
Speciation
|
Formation of new species
|
|
Gene Pool
|
Combined genetic information of all the members of a particular population
|
|
Genetic Equilibrium
|
Situation in which allele frequencies remain constant
|
|
Genetic Drift
|
Random change in allele frequencies that occurs in small populations
|
|
Directional Selection
|
Form of natural selection in which the entire curve moves; Occurs when individuals at one end of a distribution curve have higher fitness than individuals in the middle or at the other end of the curve
|
|
Disruptive Selection
|
Form of natural selection in which a single curve splits into two; Occurs when individuals at the upper and lower ends of a distribution curve have higher fitness than individuals near the middle
|
|
Artificial Selection
|
Selection by humans for breeding of useful traits from the natural variation among different organisms
|
|
Stabilizing Selection
|
Form of natural selection by which the center of the curve remains in its current position; Occurs when individuals near the center of a distribution curve have higher fitness than individuals at either end
|
|
Paleontologist
|
Scientist who studies fossils
|
|
Reproductive Isolation
|
Separation of species or populations so that they cannot interbreed and produce fertile offspring
|
|
Geographic Isolation
|
Form of reproductive isolation in which two populations are separated physically by geographic barriers such as rivers, mountains, or stretches of water
|
|
Behavioral Isolation
|
Form of reproductive isolation in which two populations have differences in the courtship rituals or other types of behavior that prevent them from interbreeding
|
|
Temporal Isolation
|
Form of reproductive isolation in which two populations reproduce at different times
|
|
Founder Effect
|
Change in allele frequencies as a result of the migration of a small subgroup of a population
|
|
Relative Frequency
|
Number of times an allele occurs in a gene pool compared with the number of times other alleles occur
|
|
Niche
|
Full range of physical and biological conditions in which an organism lives and the way in which the organism uses those conditions
|