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50 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
The lymphatic system arises in the tissues and extends toward the __________.
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heart
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The lining of the lymphatic capillaries, like that of the blood capillaries, consists of __________________.
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endothelium
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The largest lymphatic vessel of the body is the ________________.
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thoracic duct
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The thoracic duct empties its contents into a vein known as the _________________.
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subclavian vein
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The thoracic duct drains the left side of the head and chest and the entire body below the _________________.
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diaphragm
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The valves of the lymphatic vessels operate in a manner similar to the valves of the __________________.
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veins
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Lymp is filtered in masses of tissue known as __________.
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lymph nodes
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The two major types of cells in the lymph nodes are T-lymphocytes and _______________.
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B-lymphocytes
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Lymph vessels entering the lymph nodes are referred to as ________________.
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afferent lymphatic vessels
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Extensions of the lymph node capsule pass into the lymph node and separate it into smaller ______________.
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lobules
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The main cells of the lymph nodes are supported by a series of _______________.
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reticular fibers
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The cells of the lymph nodes are arranged densely within the outer portion of the lymph node called the ____________.
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cortex
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At the center of the lymph node, the region is known as the _______________.
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medulla
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In the process of immunity, the lymph nodes serve as the sites for the production of __________________.
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antibodies
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In the neck tissues, the lymph nodes are known as the _______________.
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cervical lymph nodes
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Those lymph nodes located in the armpits are called __________________.
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axillary lymph nodes
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Lymph nodes may be found in the popliteal fossa, which is located behind the ___________________.
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knee
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Aggregates of lymph node tissue located behind the epithelial lining of the oral cavity are called ___________.
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tonsils
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One of the important tonsils is located at the surface of a bone known as the _______________.
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palatine bone
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Nodules of lymphoid tissue found in the wall of the intestinal tract are called _______________.
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Peyer's patches
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Primitive cells are modified to form T-lymphocytes within an organ called the __________________.
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thymus
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The thymus is located in the body in a cavity called the _______________.
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thorax
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The thymus is relatively large during the development of the _______________.
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fetus
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The spleen is located in the upper portion of a cavity called the _______________.
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abdominal cavity
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The area where large blood vessels enter and leave the spleen is known as the _____________________.
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hilus
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Blood entering the spleen does so by way of the __________________.
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splenic artery
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The spleen is the organ in the body where destruction occurs in ________________.
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red blood cells
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Lymph consists of fluid derived from ______________.
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interstitial fluid
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The lymph contains substances unable to pass into the capillaries such as ____________________.
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proteins
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Lymph sometimes has a milky consistency due to the presence of ______________.
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fats
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Lymph vessels lining the wall of the ileum and jejunum are known as ____________.
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lacteals
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An accumulation of tissue fluid in the spaces between the cells is a condition called ____________________.
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edema
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Development of the immune system begins about the third month after ______________.
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conception
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B-lymphocytes are so-named because they are formed in the embryonic chick in an organ called the bursa of _______________.
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Fabricius
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During formation, B- lymphocytes position on their cell membranes a number of receptor sites consisting of ___________________.
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antibodies
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Those substances capable of stimulating the immune system are known as _____________________.
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antigens
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Normally a person's own proteins and polysaccharides do not stimulate the immune system because they are interpreted as ______________.
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self
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Antigens may enter the bloodstream when they penetrate the skin from a bite by a(n) ________________.
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arthropod
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The immune system reaches maturity several weeks after a person's _____________.
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birth
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To initiate the immune process, foreign organisms are engulfed by macrophages in the process of ___________.
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phagocytosis
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The T-lymphocyte that participates in both major immune processes is the ______________.
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helper T-lymphocytes
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The immune process in which a direct interaction between body cells and microorganisms takes place is called _____________.
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cell-mediated immunity
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The T-lymphocyte that exerts a direct interaction with infected body cells is the _________________.
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cytotoxic T-lymphocytes
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Substances secreted by T-lymphocytes that attract macrophages to an infection site are called _____________.
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lymphokines
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T-lymphocytes that prevent the immune process from becoming overactive are called _______________.
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suppresser T-lymphocytes
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Antibodies are produced by cells derived from B-lymphocytes and known as __________________.
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plasma cells
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The macromolecule composing antibody molecules is ______________.
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protein
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Antibodies can occur in various types including IgA, IgE, IgM, IgD, and __________.
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IgE
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The reaction between the antibody molecule and the antigen molecule is said to be highly _______________.
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specific
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Because the polypeptide chains of the antibody molecule diverge, the molecule is often depicted in the shape of the letter _________________.
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Y
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