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79 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
According to U.N. reports how many ppl are malnourished worldwide
|
1 billion |
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11% of the total landmass can be used for what
|
Direct human consumption |
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89% of the total land mass cannot be used for what
|
Direct human consumption |
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What is feed conversion
|
The ability to take in food and turn it into a suable protein like milk or meat |
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How much energy consumed by ruminants is from waste products |
75% |
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2kg of feed produce how much pork |
1kg |
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10kg of feed produce how much beef |
1kg |
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3kg of feed produce how much milk solids |
1kg |
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Which country is the highest exporter of ag products |
U.S. |
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What is NC biggest business |
AG |
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What are the top three biggest commodities for NC |
2)Hogs 3) Tobacco |
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What are broilers |
Meat Chix |
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What are layers |
Egg chix |
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What are the importance of livestock |
By-Products Recreation |
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What is the goal of production medicine |
To produce the most product of the highest quality at the lowest cost |
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How much of income is loss due to disease and parasites
|
20% |
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What dairy products can we make from cows
|
Butter Yogurt Cheese Powdered milk |
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What dairy products are produced from goats
|
Cheese Soaps Lotion |
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How many gallons of milk do cows produce per year |
2,000 gallons |
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Which udder produces more milk in cows
|
Rear (60%) |
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How many gallons of milk do goats produce a day
|
1-2 gallons |
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What does TMR mean |
Total mixed ration |
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What are the advantages of using a free style barn |
Cleaner environments Less bedding expense Ease of parlor use Fewer space requirements Fewer teat and udder injuries |
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In a dry lots or pasture cows are only brought in for |
Milking |
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What type of parlors are there |
Rotary Side open |
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What is the milking procedure |
Pre-dip and allow to dry (sanitizer) Strip teats to induce oxytocin production (milk letdown) Apply teat cups Machine milk Post dip Sanitize teat cups |
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What is a bulk tank |
Stainless steel tank of milk storage |
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What products does grade b milk produce |
Butter Powdered milk |
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What is the grade a milk process
|
Pasteurization Homogenization Fortification |
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How long is the milking cycle in cows
|
365-385 days |
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What is the milking cycle in cows |
Milked for 300-315 days Dry off for 45-50 days |
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What does freshening mean and who does it apply to |
Coming into milk; dairy cows only |
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What is phase I of the milking process |
Feed intake increases-high protein low fiber Weight loss first 10-12 weeks of lactation |
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What is phase II of the milking process
|
Peak production Feed intake matches production Gains weight |
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What is phase III of the milking process |
Weeks 24 to drying off Longest phase Production decreases |
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What is phase IV of the milking process |
NO MILKING |
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Which milking phase has the highest energy need |
Phase I |
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In which milking phase does metabolic disease occur
|
Phase 1 |
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In which milking phase does utterer and mammary infections are common
|
Phase I |
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What is the flow of beef cattle
|
Cow-calf producers Feedlot Slaughterhouse |
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What is creep feeding
|
High energy concentrate feed given to calves |
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What is immediate finishing
|
Calves immediately transitioned to a high concentrate diet with small amounts of roughage |
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What is deferred finishing |
Lighter weight calves are purchased in the fall or fed roughage through the winter |
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What is the point of finishing |
The final step to the calves up to weight before being sent to the slaughter house |
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Who inspects the quality of beef
|
USDA
|
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What is the yield grade
|
5(most fat)-1 |
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Where are most beef feedlots found |
Kansas Nebraska Oklahoma |
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What are the phases of the swine industry |
Growing/nursery Finishing |
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What is farrowing in swine |
Giving birth |
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When are swine weaned |
3-8 weeks (10-25lbs) |
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How long do swine remain in the nursery
|
8-10 weeks (40-60lbs) |
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What is the market weight of swine after finishing
|
220-260lbs |
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How long does farrowing to finishing process take
|
9-10months |
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What does ADG sand for |
average daily gain |
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What is the disadvantage of having a farrow to finish facility |
Hard to control disease out break |
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99% of all swine are housed in
|
Confinement |
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What are the gases produced in swine housing |
Hydrogen sulfide Carbon monoxide Methane Dust |
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What is vertical integration
|
One company produces the animals and packing plant |
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What are fall lambs
|
Born before December 25 and marketed early spring to June |
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What are Early spring Lambs
|
Born January to February and marketed before the end of June |
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What are late spring lambs
|
Born March to May |
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What is accelerated lambing |
3 lamb crops in 2 years |
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Lambs are what kind of breeders |
Short day breeders |
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What are the steps in the slaughtering process |
Stunning Hoisting Sticking Scalding Dehairing Dressing Cooling Grading Aging |
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What are kosher animals
|
No stunning |
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What is sticking |
Jugular veins and carotid arteries severed |
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What is scalding
|
Boiling of the carcass |
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What is dressing |
Evisceration Halving |
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What is evisceration |
Removal of the organs |
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What is cooling |
Then cooled to 34F over 24 h |
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Where does mohair come from
|
Angora goats |
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Who produces fleece |
Llamas and alpacas |
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What does llamas and alpaca fleece lack |
Lanolin |
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What is the fiber process |
Squeezing and dried Blended Carding Roving Spinning Quality control test Dying (can be done at any stage ) |
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What is carding
|
|
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What is roving |
Combing it into long strips |
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What does crutching mean
|
Shearing around the udder, belly, and tail before lambing |
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What does tagging mean |
Shearing around the tail and sheath before mating |
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What does facing mean |
Shearing wool above and below eyes |