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48 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What is cell differentation?
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1) A process that occurs with the cells of a developing embryo bur can occur also in adults.
2) Determins what cell type each cell will become. |
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What is an embroyo?
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An anmial or a plant in the early stages of development after fertilization.
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What is the critical stage of development called when the tissue layers begin to form?
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Gastrulation
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The genes of each cell regulate the process of differentaion durning all stages of development. T or F
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True
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What are the three types of stem cells?
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Totipotent
pluripotent multipotent |
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What are cells that divide and remin undiffentiated called?
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Stem cells
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What is the process of cell duplication when 2 daughter cells receive the exact same nuclear material as the original cell?
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Mitosis
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What phase does the synthsis of new DNA occur?
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S phase (synthsis)
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What are the S phase, G1 and G2 classified as?
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Interphase
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What happens in the G1 phase?
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The dna double helix unwinds and expose the bases.
Transcribing |
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How does the DNA double helix release to allow replication?
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Enzymes initate the process of unwinding the DNA and releasing 2 complementary strands of that DNA so DNA POLYMERASE can duplicate them.
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What is crude death rate?
" " birth rate? |
The number of deaths per 1,000 people per year.
" " births per year. |
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What phase of interphase includes protein synthesis and cell growth?
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G1
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What are gamets?
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Cells that are formed via sexual reproduction.
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What is the process called which gametes reduce their DNA content
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meiosis
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Mitoosis can occur in cells such as? (3)
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Skin
Liver Other organs in the digestive system |
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What are celled called that have 2 sets of chromosomes called?
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Diploid
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Cells that contain a single set of chromosomes are called?
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Haploid
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What type of cells are fertilized eggs? haploid or diploid
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Diploid
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In a diploid cell, each individual chromosome has a twin chromosome called____.
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homologous
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In mitosis, the individual chromosome duplicated during what phase?
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S phase
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What is cytokinesis?
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Separtation of two sets of chromosomes into different cells. Then mitosis is complete.
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What phase is when:
The spindle fibers form and the centrioles moves to the opposite sides of the cell. The nuclear membrane disapears. |
Mitosis
Prophase |
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What phase is when:
the chromosomes begin to separate from their daughters. Cytokineses begins. |
mitosis
Anaphase |
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What phase is it when:
Identical sets of chromosomes are at the opposite ends of the cells. Spindle fibers disappear,nuclear membranes reappear, and cytokinesis completes. |
mitosis
Telophase |
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What phase is it called when:
Homologous chromosomes condense and link in the process forming tetrad. This allows crossing over or recombination to occur. |
Meiosis
Prophase I |
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What phase is it called when:
Homologous chromosomes separate, but the sister chromatids stay together. |
Meiosis
Anaphase I |
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What phase is called when:
Cytokinesis has occurred and two haploid daughter cells are the result |
Meiosis
Telophase I |
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What phase is it when:
Four haploid cells result after cytokinesis |
Meiosis
Telophase II |
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During meiosis, a ____________ cell will give rise to four ________ cells.
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Diploid / haploid
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Mitosis and meiosis occur in all types of cells. T or F
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False: Mitosis occurs to replace old cells in all cell types, while meiosis occurs in gametes to bring about genetic variation amongst offspring.
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What are 2 characteristics of an autotrophs?
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1) Produces its own food
2)Uses photosynthesis to live (chloroplast) |
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What are the 2 characteristics of a hetrotrophs?
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1) Uses cellular respiration
2) They can not produce their own food |
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What is chloroplast?
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An ORGANELLE
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What is the enzyme called that speeds up the cell process in DNA synthesis (replicating the cells) ?
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DNA polymerase
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What is a germ cell?
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Reproductive cells that give rise to sperm and ovum
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The DNA in gametes is the DNA passed on to future generations.
True or False |
True
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What is a phenotype?
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The PHYSICAL expression of genetic traits.
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What is a genotype?
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It is the blueprint for building and maintain all structures within the cells of the body. The genes that you will have
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_______ are the entire set of genes in organism, while _____ are the characteristics and traits that are expressed by those genes.
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Genotype / phenotype
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Does the moon provide its own source of energy?
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No
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Do stars have an internal source of energy?
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Yes
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What is the order of electromagnetic radiation from short to long?
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Radio waves = Rattlesnakes
Microwave = May Infrared = Inject Visible = Venom Ultraviolet = Under X-ray = Xtreme Gamma = aGitation |
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The visible part of the spectrum can be subdivided by color bands what are they from longet to shortest? band
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Red
Orange Yellow Green Blue Ingigo Violet |
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The organic compound rich in_____ act as a major source of biomass on Earth.
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carbon
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The Sun is primarily responsible for what other than photosynthsis?
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Weather and climate conditions.
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Kinetic energy formula broken down.
Kinetic energy=objects motion. |
KE=mv2= 1/2 x 1kg(mass) x ____(m/s2 meters/second=velocity)=J (Joules)
(m=mass of an object v=velocity of an object) |
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Potiental energy (stored energy)
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PE=mgh (mass/gravitity/height)
1kg x 10m/s2 x 1m |