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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Why do we study sociology? |
To obtain factual information about our society and different aspects of our social life. |
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What is a society? |
Society is a large group of people that lives together. |
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Origins of sociological thinking; found in the philosophy of ? |
Early Greeks |
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In France the enlightenment was dominated by? |
"Philosophers" M OSTESQUIEU R OUSSEAU T URGOT |
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Scientific Revolution also means ? |
Period of Enlightenment |
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What did the enlightenment produce? |
Intellectual Revolution |
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INDUSTRIALIZATION? |
Is a process by which societies are transformed from dependence on agriculture and handmade products |
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Urbanization?? |
Is the process by which an increasing proportion of a population lives in cities rather in rural areas. |
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August Comte |
Believed that bias free knowledge was attainable only through the use of science rather than religion Considered as the "founder of Sociology" |
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What is August Comte's philosophy? |
positivism |
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What is positivism? |
Is a belief that the world can be understood through Scientific Inquiry |
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2 major areas of study for sociologists |
1. SOCIAL STATICS Social structure /relatively stable elements found in every structure 2. SOCIAL DYNAMICS focused on Social Change. |
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Herbert Spencer |
His major contribution to sociology was an Evolutionary Perspective on social order and social change
He used an ORGANIC ANALOGY |
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What is Organic Analogy? |
Is to compare society to a living organism made up of interdependent parts to explain both social structure and social change |
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Social Darwinism |
The belief that those human being; best adapted to every environment survive and prosper, whereas those poorly adapted died out survival of the fittest |
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Karl Max |
;He viewed history as a clash between conflicting ideas and forces Predicted "proletariat" or working class eventually would rise and forcibly overthrow the "bourgeoisie" |
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William Graham Sumner |
He applied the biologist idea " survival of the fittest" Business must be freed from governmental interference so that a competitive struggle could take place |
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Lester Frank Ward |
The first president of the Americal Societal Association
Believed that societies tend to progress from "natural freedom" to "political freedom" Involving the abolition of slavery and serfdom |
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Ferdinand Toennies |
Use term GEMEINSCHAFT & GESELLSCHAFT To characterize the degree of social solidarity and social control found in societies |
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GEMEINSCHAFT |
Is a traditional society in which social relationships are based on personal bonds of friendshio and kinship |
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GESELLSCHAFT |
Is a large, urban society in which social bonds are based ob impersonal and specialized relationship |
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SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY |
Study of human nature as the outcomes of group life personality information, social attitudes and collective behavior. |
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HUMAN ECOLOGY |
Study of the behavior of a given population and it's relationship to group present institutions. |