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38 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Carolus Linnaeus
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developed the classification of scientific naming
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Botany
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someone who studies plants
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Binomial Nomenclature
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the classification system of organisms
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Taxonomy
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the science of naming and classifying animals
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Classification
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the process of arranging organisms into groups
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Anton Van Leeuwenhoek
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1st to describe cells
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Robert Hooke
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1st person to name cells
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Domain
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the kingdoms in 3 different domains based on cell types
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Classification Hierarchy
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- Domain
- Kingdom - Phylum - Class - Order - Family - Genus - Species |
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Matthias Schleiden
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discovered that plants are made of cells
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Theodor Schwann
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discovered that animals were made of cells
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Rudolph Virchow
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discovered all living things come from other cells
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Cell Theory
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- all living things are made of cells
- all cells arise from other living cells - all cells are from a common origin |
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Cells
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the things that keep organisms alive
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Prokaryotic
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cells without nucleuses, spherical and rod-like, unicellular, Eubacteria and Archea
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Eukaryotic
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10x larger than prokaryotic, Animals, Plants, Fungi, and Protists
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Plasmid
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a circular loop containing genetic information in Prokaryotic cells
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Capsule
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protects the bacteria cell
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Cell Wall
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tough rigid outer covering that protects and maintains the overall shape of the cell
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Plasma Membrane
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protective outer covering of all cells except animal that is made up of a double layer of fat-like molecules and regulates the interaction between the cell and the environment
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Ribosomes
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small structure on which cells make their own proteins
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Nucleiod
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the DNA containing area of a eukaryotic cell
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Pili
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these are hollow, hairlike structures made of protein that allow bacteria to attach to other cells
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Flagella
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this is a long appendage used for mobility
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DNA
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genetic materials of all organisms
DE-OXY-RIBO-NUCLEIC-ACID |
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Cytoplasm
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a constantly moving, gel-like mixture inside the cell membrane that contains heredity material
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Organelle
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a structure in the cytoplasm of a eukaryotic cell that can act as a storage site, process energy, move material, or manufacture substances
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Nucleus
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directs all cell activities
essential to the cells functions |
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Nucleolus
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a spherical body of the nucleus of most eukaryotes.
It becomes enlarged during photosynthesis |
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Endoplasmic Reticulum
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a system of interconnected membranes that extend from the nucleus to the cell membrane
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Centriole
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on of a pair of cell organelles that occur especially in animals.
Next to the nucleus the form spindle fibers |
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Peroxisomes
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a cytoplasm cell organelle
contains enzymes act in the production and decomposition of hydrogen peroxide |
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Golgi Apparatus
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the place where proteins go after they have been made
they consist of stacked, flattened membranes that sort proteins and others and package them into structures called vesicles |
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Cytoplasm
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the network of protein filaments and microtubes in the cytoplasm that controls cells shape
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Mitochondria
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releases energy from breaking down food in carbon dioxide and water
it releases the energy for use by the cell |
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Lysosomes
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a sac-like cell organelle that contains various enzymes that help break down food molecules, cell wastes, and worn-out cell parts
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Vacuole
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a cavity or vesicle in the cytoplasm of a cell usually containing fluid
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Chloroplasts
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in plant cells, contains chlorophyll,
is the sight of photosynthesis |