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50 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
DNA |
Instructions for cells to be built and for cells to function / "instructional manual" for life |
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RNA |
Carries the code of the DNA out of the nucleus, and proteins are built by the joining of 3 types of RNA |
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Enzyme |
protein that speeds up chemical reactions |
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Diffusion |
movement of particles from areas of high concentration to areas of low concentration |
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Active |
The transport of materials through a cell membrane when energy is required |
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Transport protein |
Special "doorway" in the cell membrane that can be used in Active transport |
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Endocytosis |
The process by which a cell membrane surrounds a particle and encloses the particle in a vesicle to bring the particle into the cell (Engulfing) |
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Exocytosis |
The process in which a cell releases a particle by enclosing the particle in a vesicle, which fuses with the cell membrane |
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Osmosis |
Diffusion of water across a selectively premeable cell membrane |
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Producer |
an organism that can make its own food by using energy from its surrounding |
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Selectively Permeable |
a type of membrane that allows only certain substances to pass in and out of the cell; "selective" or "picky" |
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Passive |
The transport of materials through a cell membrane without using energy |
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Photosynthesis |
1. Sunlight is absorbed in chloroplasts. 2. Glucose is made. |
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Photosynthesis |
Glucose and Oxygen are the products. |
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Cellular Respiration |
Oxygen and Glucose are the raw materials. |
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Cellular Respiration |
1. Glucose is broken down in the mitochondria. 2. Energy is released. |
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Cell Cycle |
Regular sequence of growth and division that a cell undergoes |
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Interphase |
Cell grows to full size and chromosomes duplicate. |
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Mitosis |
The cell's nucleus divides into 2 new nuclei. |
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Cytokinesis |
The cell divides the cytoplasm, pinches in two, and two new daughter cells are formed. |
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Fermentation |
production of energy by a cell without using oxygen, ex: occurs in muscle cells and yeast cells (causing dough to rise) |
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Chlorophyll |
Green pigment in chloroplasts which captures energy from sunlight during photosynthesis |
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Water |
substance that helps cells maintain size/shape, allows chemical reactions to take place in cells, and helps cells maintain temperature(homeostasis) |
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Nucleic Acids |
DNA and RNA are the two types |
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Cell Cycle |
Includes the stages of Interphase, Mitosis, & Cytokinesis |
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Mitosis |
A cell divides into two new cells. |
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Diffusion |
Oxygen moves from a high concentration in the lungs, to a lower concentration in the blood. |
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Osmosis |
Water diffuses from a high concentration in the blood, to a lower concentration in body cells. |
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Passive |
the type of transport in which substances diffuse through pores of a cell membrane |
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Active |
the type of transport in which substances are pumped in/out of cells by transport proteins |
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Active |
the type of transport that includes exocytosis and endocytosis |
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Photosynthesis |
Carbon dioxide & Water are the raw materials. |
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Cellular Respiration |
Carbon dioxide, Water, & ATP are the products. |
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Homeostasis |
A cell's ability to maintain a stable internal environment, despite the external surroundings |
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Cytoplasm |
What organelle is made mainly of water and is constantly moving? |
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Osmosis |
What process do cells rely on in order to have balanced amounts of water (homeostasis)? |
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Sun |
What is the energy source for photosynthesis? |
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Sun |
What powers the process of photosynthesis? |
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Sugars |
Glucose molecules are also known as _____________ . |
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Osmosis |
Through what process can a dying, wilting flower be watered and its cells "come back to life" by swelling? |
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Raw materials |
substances used to manufacture products |
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Products |
substances that are manufactured |
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Interphase |
DNA duplicates in this phase |
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Cytokinesis |
Cytoplasm is pinched and divided, so two new daughter cells can be formed. |
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Oxygen |
Waste gas released by photosynthesis |
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Carbon dioxide |
Waste gas released by cellular respiration |
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Oxygen |
Gas taken in by consumers in cellular respiration |
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Carbon dioxide |
Gas taken in by producers in photosythesis |
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Chloroplast |
Food is made in this organelle through process of photosynthesis |
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Mitochondria |
Energy / ATP is released by this organelle through process of cellular respiration |