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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
what is the primary modality for studying the female reproductive tract?
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ultrasound with the use of transabdominal and transvaginal techniques
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what are CT and MRI used for in regards to the observation of the reproductive system?
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these are used to stage and follow up pelvic malignancies and to supplement ultrasound in characterization of lesions
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what is hysterosalpingography used for?
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HSG is used in conjunction with other modalities to diagnose congenital anomalies and mechanical causes of infertility
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what is the alternative to HSG?
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hysterosonography
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high frequency transducers are used for___
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endoluminal applications, examination of superficial structures, e.g. thyroid, breast, and testes, and of infants, children, and small adults.
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low frequency transducers are used for___
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most abdominal, pelvic, and obstetric applications.
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visualization of anatomic structures by ultrasound is severely limited by___
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bone and gas containing structures such as bowel and the lungs
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define acoustic shadowing
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Acoustic shadows are produced by bone, metallic objects, gas bubbles, gallstones, and urinary tract stones. It aids in the identification of all types of calculi.
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define ring down or comet tail artifact
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A pattern of tapering bright echoes trailing from small bright reflectors such as air bubbles and cholesterol crystals.
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what does the ring down/ comet tail artifact result from?
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The artifact may result from vibrations of the reflector or multiple short path reverberations.
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which type of transducers allow good visualization of the uterus and ovaries?
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endovaginal transducers
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what type of transducers allow good visualization of the prostate gland?
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endorectal transducers
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what method is useful in first trimester of pregnancy and in demonstrating fetal anatomic structures deep in pelvis?
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transvaginal sonography
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when is the suitable time for an ultrasound scan of a fetus?
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18-20 weeks
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describe the reasons for obstetric ultrasound?
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Better gestational age/fetal size assessment
Earlier detection of multiple pregnancies Detection of clinically unsuspected fetal anomalies which may influence obstetric management. Early exclusion of placenta previa Reduction in parental anxiety and increase in compliance with recommendations of health care providers. |