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38 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
motivation
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force behind yearning for food, longing for sexual intimacy, need to belong and desire to succeed.
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instincts
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genes predispose species to typical behavior
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drive reduction theory
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emphasizes interaction of inner pushes and external pulls.
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homeostasis
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body’s tendency to maintain at a balanced or constant internal state.
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arousal theory
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each of us has a different need for excitement or arousal. Thrill seekers escape boredom; sky people avoid risky behavior.
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hunger
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physiological and psychological
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physiological
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relating to body function
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psychological
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relating to mental function
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insulin
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hormone secreted by pancreas; controls blood glucose
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leptin
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protein by fat cells; causes brain to increase metabolism and reduce hunger
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orexin
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hunger triggering hormone secreted by hypothalamus
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ghrelin
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hormone secreted by empty stomach. "I'm hungry"
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PYY
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digestive tract hormone; sends "I'm not hungry" signals
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Bulimia nervosa
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eating disorder; binge and purge
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sexual response cycle
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1-initial excitement 2-Plateau phase 3-orgasm 4-resolution phase
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sex hormones
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help bodies develop as either male or female
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hierarchy of needs (from bottom to top)
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developed by maslow;
1 physiological needs-satisfy hunger and thirst 2 safety needs-feeling that one is safe 3 belongingness/love/acceptance 4 esteem-achievement; self esteem and praise from others 5-self actualization-full potential |
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flow
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a completely involved, focused state of consciousness, with diminished awareness of self and time, resulting from optimal engagement of one’s skills.
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Industrial/organizational (I/O) psychology
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aims to match people to work, enhance satisfaction and productivity in the workplace, and explore effective workplace management.
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Personnel psychology
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applies psychology’s methods and principles to selecting and evaluating workers
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Organizational psychology
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considers how work environments and management styles influence worker motivation, satisfaction, and productivity.
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Human psychology and engineering
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explores how machines and environments can be optimally designed to fit human abilities and expectations.
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illusory overconfidence
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how well you predict someone's success
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structured interview
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the questions and their sequence have been predetermined
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achievement motivation
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a desire for significant accomplishment; for mastery of things, people, or ideas; for attaining a high standard
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extrinsic
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rewards we get from "outside ourselves" like grades in class or salary at work
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intrinsic
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rewards we get internally, like personal enjoyment or satisfaction
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approach-approach
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conflict between two equally attractive options (ice cream or candy?)
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avoidance-avoidance
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conflict between two equally unattractive or unpleasant choices
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approach-avoidance
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conflict in which there are both negative and positive elements in the decision
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multiple approach-avoidance
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conflicts have many pros and cons on each side and thus are more difficult decisions to make
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emotion
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a four-part process involving physiological arousal, subjective feelings, cognitive interpretation, and behavioral expression. All of these elements interact.
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James Lange theory
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proposed that we experience physiological responses and feel emotion just after we notice the physiological response
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Cannon Bard theory
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proposes that we experience a physiological change and feel emotion at precisely the same time
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Two factor theory
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proposes that the cognitive labels we put on our states of arousal are an essential ingredient of emotion
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basic categories of emotion
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(8) fear, surprise, sadness, disgust, anger, anticipation, joy, and acceptance
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catharsis
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release of aggressive energy through action or fantasy
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adaptation level phenomenon
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we tend to judge a new experience based on those from the past and eventually they "even out"
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