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68 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
1536: Act for the The dissolution of the Lesser Monasteries |
Henry set about removing the last traces of Catholicism in England by legalising the confiscation of Church lands and monasteries. Met with anger from the people: monasteries provided a service for them. |
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1536: Court Of Augmentations established |
Established to help Henry deal with the income gained from the dissolution of the monasteries |
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1536: Pilgrimage of Grace |
Popular rising, united across social divides. 30,000 men rebel in response to dissolution of the monasteries, poor harvests and Henrys's 'Evil advisors'. Number of men was a threat but Henry dealt with them ruthlessly and they never aimed to depose him so not a threat. |
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1536: Anne Boleyn Executed |
Engineered by conservative faction, shows there is still large Catholic influence at court. Henry being dominated? |
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1537: Translation of 'The English Bible' authorised |
Shows Henry leaning toward Protestantism, Catholicism traditionally only uses Latin. Popular as the laity felt they were connecting with God more. |
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1539: Act of Six Articles |
Move back in line with Catholic doctrine. Communion in both kinds outlawed, Catholic beliefs on communion installed. Priests no longer allowed to marry. Shows conservative influence. |
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1539: Act for the dissolution of the greater monasteries |
Larger monasteries now legally dissolved with all revenue going to Henry |
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1539: Act for the dissolution of the greater monasteries |
Larger monasteries now legally dissolved with all revenue going to Henry |
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1540: Thomas Cromwell executed |
He was a leading figure in the Break With Rome and a key reformist leader. His execution suggests Catholic influence over Henry |
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1539: Act for the dissolution of the greater monasteries |
Larger monasteries now legally dissolved with all revenue going to Henry |
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1540: Thomas Cromwell executed |
He was a leading figure in the Break With Rome and a key reformist leader. His execution suggests Catholic influence over Henry |
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1542: Coinage debased |
Henry reduced the amount of gold and silver in his currency to save money. This however put off foreign investors from doing business in England. |
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1539: Act for the dissolution of the greater monasteries |
Larger monasteries now legally dissolved with all revenue going to Henry |
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1540: Thomas Cromwell executed |
He was a leading figure in the Break With Rome and a key reformist leader. His execution suggests Catholic influence over Henry |
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1542: Coinage debased |
Henry reduced the amount of gold and silver in his currency to save money. This however put off foreign investors from doing business in England. |
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1543: 'The King's Book' published |
Reaffirmed what had been decreed in the 'Act of Six Articles' and virtually restored all Catholic elements that had been phased out. |
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1539: Act for the dissolution of the greater monasteries |
Larger monasteries now legally dissolved with all revenue going to Henry |
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1540: Thomas Cromwell executed |
He was a leading figure in the Break With Rome and a key reformist leader. His execution suggests Catholic influence over Henry |
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1542: Coinage debased |
Henry reduced the amount of gold and silver in his currency to save money. This however put off foreign investors from doing business in England. |
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1543: 'The King's Book' published |
Reaffirmed what had been decreed in the 'Act of Six Articles' and virtually restored all Catholic elements that had been phased out. |
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1542-1544: Wars with Scotland and France |
Henry won a decisive victory over the Scots at Solway Moss, 1542. The result was he 'Treaty of Greenwich in 1543 which effectively put Scotland into submission and arranged the marriage between Henry's son Edward and the Scottish Princess Mary. Henry invaded Scotland and France but was unable to gain anything of significance and bankrupted himself. |
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1544: Third Succession Act passed |
Reinstated Mary and Elizabeth into potential succession behind Edward and any children he might sire. |
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1545: Act for the Abolition of Chantries |
More holy buildings claimed by the Crown. Much of the revenue was used to fund the ongoing war with France. This was a reformist Act. |
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1547: Henry VIII dies |
Leaves behind an economically unstable, politically divided and religiously unsettled England. Established a Regency Council to help his son rule. Succession happened smoothly. |
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1547: Edward VI becomes a minor King |
Still a young boy, but respected as the son of the great King Henry. Dominated by his Regency council. |
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1547: Henry VIII dies |
Leaves behind an economically unstable, politically divided and religiously unsettled England. Established a Regency Council to help his son rule. Succession happened smoothly. |
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1547: Edward VI becomes a minor King |
Still a young boy, but respected as the son of the great King Henry. Dominated by his Regency council. |
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1547: Ascendancy of 'Lord Protector Somerset' |
Regency Council supposed to consist of equals but Somerset engineers his way to the top. Has direct control over Edward and thus the country. |
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1547: Act for the Dissolution of Chantries, Guilds and Colleges |
Continued the work of the 1545 Act of Abolition |
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1549: Act of Uniformity |
Outlined the stance of the new Edwardian Church. Massively Protestant. Can be attributed to the Radical beliefs of the Regency Council. |
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1549: First Book of Common Prayer |
Decreed that all services must be carried out in English and changed the structure of every day church services. Met with drastic opposition in many places. Most notably the North and South West where reform had yet to get a hold. |
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1549: Western Rising |
Response to Edwardian religious reform and new taxes being imposed. Most notable issue was the new Book of Common Prayer. Peak of threat was a siege of Exeter but it was eventually lifted. Rebels sent demands to the king but they were ignored. Never aimed to depose the King and there was no gentry involvement so the rebellion was not a threat. |
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1549: Western Rising |
Response to Edwardian religious reform and new taxes being imposed. Most notable issue was the new Book of Common Prayer. Leader was Humphrey Arundell. Peak of threat was a siege of Exeter but it was eventually lifted. Rebels sent demands to the king but they were ignored. Never aimed to depose the King and there was no gentry involvement so the rebellion was not a threat. |
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1549: Western Rising |
Response to Edwardian religious reform and new taxes being imposed. Most notable issue was the new Book of Common Prayer. Leader was Humphrey Arundell. Peak of threat was a siege of Exeter but it was eventually lifted. Rebels sent demands to the king but they were ignored. Never aimed to depose the King and there was no gentry involvement so the rebellion was not a threat. |
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1549: Kett's Rebellion |
Started in Norfolk as a small rising against local gentry (Specifically Flowerdew). They were angered by enclosure of pasture land. Robert Kett took over and organised a force of 16,000. Rebels refused a Government pardon (Pilgrimage of Grace) and were slaughtered at Dussindale with around 3,000 deaths. No gentry support and didn't want to depose the king so it was not a threat. |
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1550: Northumberland becomes Lord President of the Regency Council |
Somerset was outmanoeuvred and his failures led to the arrival of Northumberland as the new leader of the Council. |
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1550: Northumberland becomes Lord President of the Regency Council |
Somerset was outmanoeuvred and his failures led to the arrival of Northumberland as the new leader of the Council. |
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1552: Second Book of Common prayer |
Moved he Church in an even more Protestant direction. Practical changes made to the way communion was practiced and removed various elements of Catholicism still present. |
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1550: Northumberland becomes Lord President of the Regency Council |
Somerset was outmanoeuvred and his failures led to the arrival of Northumberland as the new leader of the Council. |
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1552: Second Book of Common prayer |
Moved he Church in an even more Protestant direction. Practical changes made to the way communion was practiced and removed various elements of Catholicism still present. |
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1553: Devise for Lady Jane Grey to become Queen |
Edward's rapidly deteriorating health meant it was certain he would father no children. The Regency Council aimed to ensure the country remained Protestant by succeeding Lady Jane Grey in front of Mary, who had a much stronger claim. |
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1553: Mary's counter coup and ascension |
Mary storms London and with unanimous support removes Lady Jane Grey from the throne and declared herself Queen of England.
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1553: Mary's counter coup and ascension |
Mary storms London and with unanimous support removes Lady Jane Grey from the throne and declared herself Queen of England.
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1553: Northumberland executed |
Mary orders his execution in response to his devise to stop her getting on the throne |
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1553: Mass restored |
Mary makes her intentions very clear by immediately installing a piece of Catholic doctrine. |
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1553: Mass restored |
Mary makes her intentions very clear by immediately installing a piece of Catholic doctrine. Clear change from Edwardian religious direction. |
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1554: Wyatt's Rebellion |
Aimed to supplant Mary with her half sister Elizabeth. Courtenay disclosed the plan to Gardiner who then informed the Queen, giving her chance to prepare. All other conspirators failed to raise any men. Wyatt got 3,000 men in Kent. 1000 of the Queen's men joined to rebellion. Failed to press home the advantage and was defeated in London. Was a threat: popular and aimed to remove Mary from power. |
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1554: Lady Jane Grey executed |
Mary realises that while Jane lives there will always be the possibility of a Protestant uprising. |
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1554: Lady Jane Grey executed |
Mary realises that while Jane lives there will always be the possibility of a Protestant uprising. |
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1554: Mary marries King Phillip of Spain |
Mary followed her Spanish roots and secured alliance with Europe's biggest power. Met with discontent as many feared England would become Spain's pawn. |
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1554: Reunion with Rome begins |
Mary begins the first real steps to bring England back into the Catholic fold. She discards the title of Supreme Head of the Church. |
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1555: Persecution of Protestants begin |
Mary's extremism begins to show. Those who can't escape are burnt at the stake. Protestant propagandists such as Foxe create 'Bloody Mary' |
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1556: Worst harvests of the Century |
Creates general discontent and anger among the lower classes. Destabilises the country. |
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1556: Worst harvests of the Century |
Creates general discontent and anger among the lower classes. Destabilises the country. |
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1556: Archbishop Cranmer burnt alive for heresy |
People shocked at Mary's brutality. Cranmer had helped write both Books of Common Prayer. Big loss in reformist leadership. |
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1556: Worst harvests of the Century |
Creates general discontent and anger among the lower classes. Destabilises the country. |
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1556: Archbishop Cranmer burnt alive for heresy |
People shocked at Mary's brutality. Cranmer had helped write both Books of Common Prayer. Big loss in reformist leadership. |
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1557: War with France |
England dragged into a war they should not be involved in at Phillip's request. England achieve a good victory at St. Quentin but very little else. |
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1558: Loss of Calais |
Last piece of English territory in France is recaptured. Historical dynastic claim to French throne is all but over. Loss of income from trade but also no longer had to maintain expensive garrison. |
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1558: Mary dies- succeeded by Elizabeth I |
Mary's brief reign is over, Elizabeth is a weak monarch whom many consider to be illegitimate as the daughter of Anne Boleyn. Religious direction is unclear at this point. |
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1559: Treaty of Cateau-Cambresis |
Peace finally announced between Spain and France, ending the Hapsburg-Valois conflict over Italian territory. This leaves England isolated and without any allies. |
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1559: Treaty of Cateau-Cambresis |
Peace finally announced between Spain and France, ending the Hapsburg-Valois conflict over Italian territory. This leaves England isolated and without any allies. |
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1559: Parliament assembled |
Mainly concerned with Religious settlement. Marian exiles flooded back into the country in hopes of a more reformist England. Act of Supremacy and Act of Uniformity passed-narrowly. Elizabeth had to imprison some Catholic Bishops to pass her legislation. |
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1559: Treaty of Cateau-Cambresis |
Peace finally announced between Spain and France, ending the Hapsburg-Valois conflict over Italian territory. This leaves England isolated and without any allies. |
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1559: Parliament assembled |
Mainly concerned with Religious settlement. Marian exiles flooded back into the country in hopes of a more reformist England. Act of Supremacy and Act of Uniformity passed-narrowly. Elizabeth had to imprison some Catholic Bishops to pass her legislation. |
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1559: Act of Supremacy |
Elizabeth reverses Mary's merger into the Papal gold. Takes the title of Supreme Governor to ease theological grievances about a woman being at the head of the Church. |
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1559: Act of Uniformity |
Began the real shift toward Protestantism. New Prayer book introduced with many similarities to the Edwardian version. Theological ambiguity added on communion which meant both versions were technically correct. This eased tensions about her rule. |
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1559: Catholic Bishops removed from House of Lords |
Elizabeth removed opposition to her rule by decreasing Catholic influence in Parliament |