Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What helps diffusion?
|
1. Fatty molecules can pass through the membrane.
2. Molecule Size (the smaller the better) 3. Membrane Thickness |
|
The Rate of Diffusion:
Fick's Law of Diffusion. |
Rate of diffusion= surface area+ concentration gradient+ membrane permeability/ membrane thickness
|
|
4 major Functions of Membrane Proteins
|
1. structural proteins: give shape
2. Enzymes 3. Receptors 4. Transporters (allow movements in/out of cell) |
|
Membrane Transporters: Channel Proteins: Gated Channels...
|
open and close in response to signals
|
|
Membrane Transporters: Channel Proteins: open channels...
|
or pores are usually open
|
|
Membrane Transporters: Carrier Proteins: Uniport Carriers...
|
transports only one kind of substrate
|
|
Membrane Transporters: Carrier Proteins: Symport Carriers
|
move 2 or more substates in the same direction across the membrane.
|
|
Membrane Transporters: Carrier Proteins: Antiport Carriers
|
Move substrates in the opposite direction.
|
|
Primary Active Transport
|
The energy to push molecules against their concentration gradient comes directly from the high-energy phosphate bond.
|
|
ATP-ase
|
primary active transport uses ATP as its energy source many primary active transporters are known as....
|
|
Secondary Active Transport
|
uses potential energy stored in the concentration gradient of one molecule to push other molecules against their concentration gradient.
|
|
Specificity
|
the ability of a transport to move only one molecule or only a group of closely related molecules
|
|
Competition
|
a transporter may move several members of a related group of substrates, but those substrates compete with one another for binding sites on the transporter.
|
|
Saturation
|
depends on the substrate concentration and the number of carrier molecules, a property that is shared by enzymes and other binding proteins.
|
|
Phagocytosis
|
engulfing something big (the cold)
|
|
Endocytosis
|
engulfing something small (the flu)
|
|
Osmotic pressure
|
the pressure that exactly opposes a given concentration gradient
|
|
Osmotic equilibrium
|
water moves freely between the cells and extracellular fluid
|