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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What is a compound?
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Matter containing 2 or more atoms in a fixed, definite proportion. New compounds form when the relative proportions of atoms change
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What is an element?
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Matter that contains 1 kind of atom.
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What is a pure substance?
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Defined, unchanging chemical composition.
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what is a mixture?
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multiple substances. Many can be physically separated into pure components.
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What is a solution?
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Mixture w/ 2 or more compounds, at least 1 liquid.
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What's an alloy?
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A solid solution of metals. They dissolve in each other then solidify. Higher hardness.
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What is atomic matter?
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Exists in solid, liquid, and gaseous states as single atoms.
Example: noble gases. Low melting/boiling points |
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What are molecular substances?
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Exists as molecules in solid, liquid, and gaseous states. Example: water exists as discrete molecules in the 3 physical states.
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What are network/ extended-bonding substances?
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Every atom/ion interacts strongly w/ neighbors. Extended network of linked atoms/ions form. Distinct moleculs/ion pairs do not exist in these materials. Examples: Aluminum, magnesium, table salt. High melting/boiling points
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chemical bonding
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attractive force between nuclei and electrons, hold atoms together in molecules or atoms and ions together in network substances
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Chemical formulas
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Represents kind of atom and its number in a molecule. Chemical formula of a water molecule that contains 2 hydrogen atoms and 1 oxygen atom is given by H2O. Subscript to the right of the atomic symbol indicates the number of that kind of atom in the molecule.
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Diatomic molecule
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1 atoms of the same kind of element are contained. Hydrogen, Nitrogen, Oxygen, Fluorine, Chlorine, Bromine, and Iodine
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Double bond
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Atoms connected by 2 bonds; usually involve 4 electrons, 2 per bond
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Triple bond
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Atoms connected by 3 bonds; example: acetylene
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Hydrocarbon molecules
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contain only carbon/hydrogen atoms
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Organic acid
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Molecule w/ CO2H attached to another carbon atom
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Amine group
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group of NH2 attached to carbon atom
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Crystals
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solid w/ regular repeating arrangement of molecules/ions
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Spectroscopy
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studies brightness/wavelengths of diff frequencies of light emitted by excited atoms/ ions
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