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45 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
Additive
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Any material placed in a tube that maintains or facilitates the integrity and function of the sample.
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Capillary Action
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Adhesive molecular forces between liquid and solid materials that draw liquid into a narrow-bore capillary tube.
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Fibrin Degradation Products (FDP's)
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Fragments of the fibrin/clot found in the bloodstream.
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Fibrinolysis
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Process at the end of the clotting process that breaks down fibrin into small fragments, called FDP's that lead to disintegration of the clot.
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Flea
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Metal Rod used for mixing the blood sample that fits inside the capillary tube.
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Hemoconcentration
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Concentrating the constituents of blood by leaving the tourniquet on too long.
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Hemostasis
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Process of formation of a blood clot when an injury occurs and then lysing of that blood clot when the injury has been repaired.
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Palpate
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To search for a vein with a pressure-and-release touch.
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Platelet Adhesion
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The process of platelet clumps adhering to an injured area to stop bleeding.
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Platelet Aggregation
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The process of platelets clumping together during hemostasis.
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Thixotropic Separator Gel
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A gel material capable of forming an interface between the cells and fluid portion of the blood as a result of centrifugation.
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Tourniquet
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Any constrictor used to facilitate vein prominence. approx 1 inch wide by 15 to 18in long. Applied 3-4 inches above puncture site.
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Vasoconstriction
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Constriction of vessel(s) that limit blood flow.
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Viscosity
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Degree of thickness or resistance to flow of a substance.
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Metric System Prefixes
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Metric Conversion Chart
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units in CC = mL
98.6¤ F = 37¤ C |
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Important Metric Conversions
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1 kg= 2.2046 lbs
1 lb= .454 kg 0¤C= 32¤F (Freezing point of water) 100¤C= 212¤F (Water boils) 37¤C= 98.6¤F (Normal body temp) |
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Breathing a Syringe
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Pull back on the plunger halfway up the barrel and then push the plunger back to allow the plunger to move more slowly and without the tendency to jerk when first pulled during a blood draw.
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Geriatric/Pediatric Patient Draws
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Syringes- no larger than 10-15 mL
Needles- 22 or 23 (can be paired with butterfly) gauge |
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Needle Gauges and Uses
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27- PPD skin tests
25- Intermuscular injections 23- Butterfly or syringe collection 22- Syringe or evacuated system (second most common) 21- Syringe or evacuated system (most common) 20- Syringe or evacuated system 18- IV's or blood donation 16- IV's or blood donation |
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Entry Angles
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45¤ - radial arterial blood gas
30¤ - deep veins 15¤ - shallow veins 5¤ - butterfly collection set |
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Becton Dickinson Eclipse Needle
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Evacuated tube system needle with an attached needle cover safety feature.
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VanishPoint Holder
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Needle holder with a built in safety device that automatically retracts the needle into the holder.
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Evacuated Collection Tube
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volume: 2-15mL
length: 65-127mm diameter: 10mm (Peds), 13mm, and 16mm Hemogard cap- prevents aerosols Expiration- good till end of the month of stamp |
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Luer Adaptor
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contains a port to attach to the butterfly in place of a needle
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Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time (aPTT) Test
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Measurement for the intrinsic pathway. Also used to monitor heparin therapy of an individual.
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Prothrombin Time (PT) Test
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Measurement for the extrinsic pathway. Also used to monitor warfarin therapy.
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Intrinsic Pathway
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List of factors within the coagulation cascade involving trauma within the vascular system. Factor XII, Factor XI (Calcium), Factor IX (Platelet Factor 3), Factor VIII
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Extrinsic Pathway
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List of factors within the coagulation cascade involving external trauma-tissue injury. Tissue Thromboplastin (Calcium), Factor VII
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Hemophilia
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A condition where a person lacks the necessary coagulation factors for proper clotting of bleeding injuries.
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Grey Tube
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Potassium Oxalate- precipitate out calcium (anticoagulant)
Sodium Fluoride- inhibits glucose breakdown to 7%/hr (preservative) Test- blood glucose levels |
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Light Blue Tubes
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Sodium Citrate- binds to calcium (anticoagulant)
ratio of 9-1 (full draw) blood to anticoagulant. Tests- PT, aPTT, and fibrinogen assay Citrate, Theophylline, Adenosine, and Dipyridamole (CTAD) Platelet function assays |
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Yellow Tubes
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Solutions A and B- labeled as A or B with variations of mixtures with trisodium citrate, citric acid, and dextrose.
Tests- DNA, paternity, human leukocyte antigen (HLA) phenotyping, and immunohematology testing. Sodium Polyanethol Sulfonate (SPS) inhibits phagocytosis of bacteria by WBC's, inhibits serum complement, inhibits certain antibiotics. Used to collect blood culture samples to examine grown bacteria. |
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Lavender Tubes
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EDTA- binds with calcium (Anticoagulant)
Tripotassium EDTA liquid used in glass tubes Dipotassium EDTA spray-dried powder used in plastic tubes. Tests- CBC, Differential blood smears, microhematocrit results. |
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White (Pearl Top) Tube
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EDTA and thixotropic gel. centrifuged amd frozen.
Tests- HIV, molecular diagnostic tests such as Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) or branched DNA amplification techniques |
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Royal Blue Tubes
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Uses specially refined glass, plastic, and rubber to avoid loss of trace elements lead, zinc, arsenic, or copper.
No label- no anticoagulant Green label- sodium heparin (blocks Prothrombin to Thrombin) (anticoagulant) Lavender label- Disodium EDTA (Anticoagulant) Must be gently inverted 5-8 times immediately after collection to mix additive. |
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Red Tube
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No additive
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Red-Grey (Tiger Top) Tube
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Serum Separating Tube (SST) with clot activator
Test- Blood Type screening |
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Gold Tube
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Separating gel and clot activator
Tests- serology, endocrine, immunology, HIV |
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Dark-Green Tube
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Sodium heparin or lithium heparin
Tests- Ammonia, lactate, and HLA typing |
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Light-Green Tube
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Plasma separating tube (Na heparin)
Tests- chemistries |
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Tan Tube
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Dipotassium EDTA
Inactivates Thrombin and thromboplastin Test- serum lead determination |
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Black Top
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Sodium Citrate
Test- Westergren sedimentation rate; requires a full draw. |
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Orange Tube
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Thrombin (Quickly clots blood)
Test- STAT serum chemistries |
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Sample Collection Tray
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-Alcohol swabs
-Gauze squares or cotton balls -Evacuated tube holders (Vacutainer) -Assorted evacuated tubes -Syringes -Syringe transfer device -Various size syringe and evacuated tube needles -Butterfly collection sets -Microcollection equipment -Tourniquets -Disposable gloves -Sharps container -Marking pen Clean and dismantle once per week |
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