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168 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Pain: |
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Pain:
Some patients come to the DDS when: |
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Pain Physiology:
Cased by? |
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Pain Physiology:
Can be activated by? |
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Pain Physiology:
Tissue injury releases? |
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Pain Physiology:
Various substances tissue injury releases? |
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Two Components of Pain: |
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Two Components of Pain:
Reaction |
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Two Components of Pain:
Perception |
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Two Components of Pain: |
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Two Components of Pain:
Acute Pain |
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Two Components of Pain:
Chronic Pain |
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Pain threshold and Analgesic Needs |
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Pain threshold |
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What lowers it |
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What raises it |
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What Lowers Pain Threshold?
Threshold = Tolerance |
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What Raises Pain Threshold? |
Analgesic Antianxiety agents Antidepressants |
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How do you measure the analgesic need? |
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Terminology:
Analgesic |
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Terminology:
Anti-Pyretic |
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Terminology:
Anti-Inflammatory |
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Terminology:
Opiate |
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Terminology:
Opioid |
Opiates Semi-synthetics Synthetic Endogenous opiods |
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Terminology:
Narcotic |
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Drug Regulation:
Legend Drugs |
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Drug Regulation:
Non-legend Drugs |
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Drug Regulation:
Controlled/Schedule Drugs |
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Cardinal Signs of Inflammation |
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Types of Analgesic medications:
Non-opioids (a.k.a. non-narcotics, peripheral acting, antipyretic analgesic, mild analgesics) |
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Types of Analgesic medications:
Opioids (a.k.a. narcotics, central acting, strong analgesics) |
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Acetaminophen:
Analgesic effect? |
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Acetaminophen:
Anti-Pyretic effect? |
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Acetaminophen:
Anti-Inflammatory Activity effect? |
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Acetaminophen:
MOA |
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Acetaminophen:
Usual Dose |
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Acetaminophen:
Do NOT exceed |
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Acetaminophen:
Drug interactions |
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Acetaminophen:
Toxicity |
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Acetaminophen:
Alcohol |
Alcohol can increase hepatic toxicity:
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Salicylates:
Analgesic effect? |
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Salicylates:
Anti-Pyretic effect? |
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Salicylates:
Anti-Inflammatory Activity effect? |
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Salicylates:
MOA |
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Salicylates:
Medications that include Aspirin |
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Salicylates:
Medications that do NOT include Aspirin |
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Salicylates:
Adverse Reactions
Associated with? Most common? Minimized by? Bleeding? When most? Caution in Children? Safest analgesic for children & teens? Especially when? Hypersensitivity? |
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Salicylates:
Drug Interactions |
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Salicylates:
Drug Interactions - Warfarin |
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Salicylates:
Drug Interactions - Probenecid |
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Salicylates:
Drug Interactions - Methotrexate |
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Salicylates:
Anti-Hypertensives |
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NSAIDs:
Analgesic effect? |
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NSAIDs:
Anti-Pyretic effect? |
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NSAIDs:
Anti-Inflammatory Activity effect? |
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NSAIDs:
Ani-Platelet Inhibition? |
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NSAIDs:
MOA |
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NSAIDs:
Effective pain reliever? |
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NSAIDs Classifications:
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NSAIDs Classifications:
Propionic Acid Derivatives approved for? |
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NSAIDs Classifications:
Fenamic Acid Derivatives approved for? |
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NSAIDs:
Fenamic Acid Derivatives |
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NSAIDs Classifications:
Propionic Acid Derivatives - Ibuprofen |
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NSAIDs Classifications:
Propionic Acid Derivatives - Naproxen |
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NSAIDs Classifications:
Acetic Acid Derivatives |
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Rest of the NSAIDs:
Non-Acidic |
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Rest of the NSAIDs:
Fenamic Acid |
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Rest of the NSAIDs:
Oxicams |
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Rest of the NSAIDs:
Cox-2 Inhibitor |
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NSAIDs Adverse Reactions:
GI |
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NSAIDs Adverse Reactions:
CNS |
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NSAIDs Adverse Reactions:
Blood Clotting |
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NSAIDs Adverse Reactions:
Renal |
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NSAIDs Adverse Reactions:
Hypersensitivity |
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NSAIDs Adverse Reactions:
Pregnancy |
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NSAIDs Drug Interactions:
Anticoagulants |
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NSAIDs Drug Interactions:
Anti-hypertensives |
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NSAIDs Drug Interactions:
Methotrexate |
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NSAIDs Drug Interactions:
Digoxin |
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NSAIDs Drug Interactions:
Lithium |
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Anti-Gout Agents:
Gout |
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Anti-Gout Agents:
Treatment |
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Anti-Gout Agents:
Prevention |
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Anti-Gout Agents:
Prevention - Probenecid |
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Anti-Gout Agents:
Prevention - Allopurinol |
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Opioid (Narcotic) Analgesics:
Chemical Make-up Image |
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Opioid (Narcotic) Analgesics:
Chemical Make-up Image - Morphine |
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Opioid (Narcotic) Analgesics:
Chemical Make-up Image - Codeine |
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Opioid (Narcotic) Analgesics:
Derived from |
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Opioid (Narcotic) Analgesics:
Used since |
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Opioid (Narcotic) Analgesics:
Obtained from |
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Opioid (Narcotic) Analgesics:
Classified by |
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Opioid (Narcotic) Analgesics:
Classified by - Chemical structure and/or efficacy |
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Opioid Analgesic Mechanism of Action:
Binds to receptors in |
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Opioid Analgesic Mechanism of Action:
Binds to receptors in the CNS and Spinal Cord |
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Opioid Analgesic Mechanism of Action:
Opioid receptor discovery aided |
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Opioid Receptors: |
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Opioid Receptors:
Mu - Location |
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Opioid Receptors:
Mu - Function |
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Opioid Receptors:
Mu - Endogenous agonist |
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Opioid Receptors:
Delta - Location |
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Opioid Receptors:
Delta - Function |
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Opioid Receptors:
Delta - Endogenous agonist |
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Opioid Receptors:
Kappa - Location |
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Opioid Receptors:
Kappa - Function |
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Opioid Receptors:
Kappa - Endogenous agonist |
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Pharmacologic Effects of Opioids:
Analgesia |
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Pharmacologic Effects of Opioids:
Sedation/Euphoria |
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Pharmacologic Effects of Opioids:
Cough Suppression |
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Pharmacologic Effects of Opioids:
Gastrointestinal (Constipation) |
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Adverse Reactions of Opioids: |
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Adverse Reactions of Opioids:
Respiratory Depression |
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Adverse Reactions of Opioids:
Nausea and Vomiting |
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Adverse Reactions of Opioids:
Allergy |
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Adverse Reactions of Opioids:
Histamine Release |
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Adverse Reactions of Opioids:
CNS effects |
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Adverse Reactions of Opioids:
Cardiovascular effects |
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Adverse Reactions of Opioids:
Pregnancy/Lactation |
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Adverse Reactions of Opioids:
Tolerance does NOT |
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Drug Interactions:
MAOIs |
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Drug Interactions:
Alcohol and other CNS depressants |
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Drug Interactions:
Avoid for alcoholics |
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Balanced Approach to Pain Control:
Amount |
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Balanced Approach to Pain Control: Acute |
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Balanced Approach to Pain Control:
Chronic |
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Balanced Approach to Pain Control:
Tolerance |
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Opioid Agonists:
Analgesic action related to activity at the mu and kappa receptors |
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Opioid Agonists:
Morphine |
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Opioid Agonists:
Oxycodone |
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Opioid Agonists:
Hydrocodone |
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Opioid Agonists:
Codeine |
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Opioid Agonists:
Propoxyphene |
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Opioid Agonists:
Meperidine |
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Opioid Agonists:
Hydromorphone |
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Opioid Agonists:
Methadone |
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Opioid Agonists:
Fentanyl |
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Characteristics of Various Opioids:
Agonist - Mophine |
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Characteristics of Various Opioids:
Agonist - Codeine |
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Characteristics of Various Opioids:
Agonist - Hydromorphone |
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Characteristics of Various Opioids:
Agonist - Oxycodone |
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Characteristics of Various Opioids:
Agonist - Methadone |
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Characteristics of Various Opioids:
Agonist - Fentanyl |
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Characteristics of Various Opioids:
Agonist - Oxymophone |
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Characteristics of Various Opioids:
Agonist - Tramadol |
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Clinically Relevant Opioids:
From least to most relevant |
- 15 mg/300 mg, 30 mg/300 mg, 60 mg/300 mg
- 5 mg/300 mg, 7.5 mg/300 mg, 10 mg/300 mg - 5 mg/325 mg, 7.5 mg/325 mg, 10 mg/325 mg
- 5 mg/325 mg, 7.5 mg/325 mg, 10 mg/325 mg |
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Clinically Relevant Opioids:
Overdose potential |
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Darvocet/Propoxyphene:
On the market? |
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Darvocet/Propoxyphene:
Synthetic opioid? |
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Darvocet/Propoxyphene:
Analgesic efficacy? |
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Darvocet/Propoxyphene:
Combined with acetaminophen? |
Yes, be careful of acetaminophen overdose |
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Mixed Opioids
Agonist-Antagonist Opioid |
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Mixed Opioids
Partial Agonist |
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Tramadol (Ultram):
Non-Narcotic analgesic |
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Tramadol (Ultram):
Used for? |
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Tramadol (Ultram):
Interesting pharmacology |
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Tramadol (Ultram):
DDS may prescribe this to? |
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Opioid Antagonists:
Naloxone |
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Opioid Antagonists:
Naltrexone |
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Skeletal Muscle Relaxants:
Reduces pain specifically? |
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Skeletal Muscle Relaxants:
Reduces muscle spasms? |
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Skeletal Muscle Relaxants:
Medications |
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Addiction:
Usually seen in the dental setting with treatment of naïve patients? |
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Addiction:
Withdrawal symptoms |
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Identification of an addict:
Claims |
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Identification of an addict:
Requests |
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Identification of an addict:
Actions |
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Identification of an addict:
Complaints |
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Identification of an addict:
Complaints - Actions to take |
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