Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
48 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What are the goals of therapy for Varicella infections?(4) |
1) Accelerate healing of skin lesions 2) Prevent complications (e.g. Pneumonia, Encephalitis) 3) Prevent Mortality 4) Minimize/prevent adverse reactions from medications |
|
Which patients should receive drug therapy for Varicella infections? (4) |
1) >12 years old 2) Patients with chronic cutaneous or pulmonary disorders 3) Receiving Corticosterioids 4) Immunocompromised patients |
|
"The routine use of antibiotics for healthy children is recommended" True or False? |
FALSE |
|
Which patients should receive the Varicella vaccine? |
1) Healthy Children (12months - 12 years of age)[Two doses i) 12months ii)4-6 years] 2) Adults and Adolescents >13 years of age [Two doses i) given 6 weeks apart] |
|
"The Varicella vaccine is not recommended in pregnant patients" True or False? |
TRUE |
|
When would you initiate drug therapy for Varicella infections in healthy patients? |
Initiate therapy within 24 hours of rash onset |
|
When would you initiate drug therapy for Varicella infections in Immunocompromised patients? |
Initiate ASAP even if 24 hours have elapsed since the rash began |
|
"It is unclear if Acyclovir can reduce the risk of complications" True or False? |
TRUE |
|
"It is confirmed that Famciclovir and Valacyclovir are as effective as Acyclovir"True or False? |
FALSE |
|
What is the drug therapy recommendation for healthy patient Varicella infections? |
1) Acyclovir (800mg PO QID x 5days) 2) Famciclovir (500mg PO TID x 5days) 3) Valacyclovir (1000mg PO TID x 5days) |
|
What is the drug therapy recommendation for immunocompromised patient Varicella infections? |
1) Acyclovir (800mg PO QID x 7-10days) 2) Famciclovir (500mg PO TID x 7-10days) 3) Valacyclovir (1000mg PO TID x 7-10days) |
|
What is the drug therapy recommendation for Severe Varicella infectons? |
Acyclovir (10mg/kg IV q8h x 7-10days) |
|
What are the efficacy monitoring parameters for Varicella drug therapies? |
1) Number of vesicles should be reduced 2) Symptoms: Temp, Pain, Arthralgias |
|
What are the safety monitoring parameters for Varicella drug therapies? |
1) Nausea & Vomitting 2) Somnolence 3) SCr, Urea, Urine Output |
|
Why do patients who take Acyclovir need to drink lots of fluids? |
To avoid the risk of precipiation in renal tubules and urethra. (which is why we monitor SCr to determine renal function) |
|
What are the goals of therapy for Shingles infections?(4) |
1) Stop viral replication 2) Accelerate healing of skin lesions 3) Relieve Acute Neuritis 4) Prevent postherapeutic neuralgia |
|
Which patients should receive drug therapy for Shingles infections? (3) |
1) Patients >50 years old 2) Ocular Zoster patients [treat even If rash has been present for up to 7days AND refer to Ophthalmologist] 3) Any patient with severe pain and extensive disease |
|
"There is no real evidence for treating shingle patients <50 years old" True or False? |
TRUE |
|
Which patients should receive the Shingles vaccine? (1) |
Healthy adults >60 years old |
|
"The shingles vaccine is not publically funded and so costs $150-$195" True or False? |
TRUE |
|
When would you intitate drug therapy for Shingles infections? |
Initiate within 72 hours of rash onset |
|
"Topical anti-virals are as effective as oral therapies" True or False? |
FALSE |
|
What is the drug therapy recommendation for healthy patient Shingle infections? |
1) Acyclovir (800mg PO x5/day x 7days) 2) Famciclovir (500mg PO TID x 7days) 3) Valacyclovir (1000mg PO TID x 7days) |
|
What is the drug therapy recommendation for immunocompromised patient Shingle infections? |
1) Acyclovir (800mg PO x5/day x 7-10days) 2) Famciclovir (500mg PO TID x 7-10days) 3) Valacyclovir (1000mg PO TID x 7-10days) |
|
What is the drug therapy recommendation for Severe Shingles infectons? |
Acyclovir (10mg/kg IV q8h x 7-10days) |
|
What are the efficacy monitoring parameters for Shingles drug therapies? |
[Same as Varicella] 1) Number of vesicles should be reduced 2) Symptoms: Temp, Pain, Arthralgias |
|
What are the safety monitoring parameters for Shingles drug therapies? |
[Same as Varicella] 1) Nausea & Vomitting 2) Somnolence 3) SCr, Urea, Urine Output |
|
What are the goals of therapy for Influenza infections?(5) |
1) Decrease mortalitiy 2) Prevent Influenza illness from occuring 3) Prevent Complications (e.g. pneumonia, exacerbation of cardiac/respiratory disease) 4) Decrease Influenza related hospitalizations 5) Minimize adverse events from medications |
|
What are non pharmacological methods for Influenza treatment? (4) |
1) Wash hands often 2) Use hand sanitizer if water and soap are not available 3) Cough/Sneeze into tissue 4) Stay at home if flu symptoms are present |
|
Which patients should receive the Influenza vaccine? |
Everyone should receive it annually in October --> November |
|
Which drugs should be used for Influenza prophylaxis? |
1) Amantadine: effective against influenza A 2) Oseltamavir: effective against influenza A & B |
|
"Amantadine is no longer indicated for prophylaxis of Influenza" True or False? |
TRUE |
|
What is the major side effect of Oseltamivir? |
Suicidal Thoughts |
|
What is the role of Analgesics/Antipyretics in Influenza treatment? |
For relief of fever, headache and myalgias |
|
What is the role of Antiviral agents in Influenza treatment? |
Used if its confirmed via lab tests that it is viral. |
|
When should Neuraminidase Inhibitors be used in Infulenza? |
Initiate within 48hrs of symptoms |
|
"Oseltamivir is restricted to patients in whom Zanamavir is not an option" True or False? |
False, it is the other way around |
|
Is treatment necessary for mild symptoms of Influenza for Children? |
No treatment is necessary |
|
"Zanamivir is given inhaled for patients unable to take oral medications" True or False |
TRUE |
|
What are the common side effects of Zanamivir ? |
Bronchospasm and CNS effects |
|
What is the drug therapy recommendation for Adults and Children>40kg with Influenza? |
Oseltamivir: 75mg PO BID x 5days |
|
What is the drug therapy recommendation for Children>12 months old with Influenza? |
Oseltamivir: [23-40kg] 60mg PO BID x 5days [15-23kg] 45mg PO BID x 5days [<15kg] 30mg PO BID x5days |
|
What is the drug therapy recommendation for Children 6-12months old with Influenza? |
Oseltamivir: 25mg PO BID x 5days |
|
What is the drug therapy recommendation for Children 3-6months old with Influenza? |
Oseltamivir: 20mg PO BID x 5days |
|
What is the drug therapy recommendation for Children 0-3months old with Influenza? |
Oseltamivir: 12mg PO BID x 5days |
|
What is the dose recommendation for Zanamivir? |
10mg inh BID x5days |
|
What are the efficacy monitoring parameters for Influenza drug therapies? |
1) Temp, Malaise, Symptoms |
|
What are the safety monitoting parameters for Influenza drug therapies? |
1) CNS (Seizures, Changes in mood) 2) Rash 3) Renal Function: SCr, Urea, Baseline |