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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What are some general goals of exercise? |
🔸Enhance function/capacity of muscle 🔸 Maintain/improve joint ROM 🔸Enhance efficiency of CP system |
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____ is used to promote motion, while ____ is used to avoid or limit movement. |
Support, stabilization |
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What is the goal or objective of PROM? |
To maintain unrestricted joint range. (Stretching is used to increase joint range.) |
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What is the goal of AROM? |
Increase strength and endurance. |
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When might PROM be used instead of AROM? |
Paralysis is present. Pt. is comatose. Pain occurs c active contraction. Surgery or trauma prohibits AROM. |
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What are the benefits of PROM? |
- preserve ROM - minimize contractures - minimize adhesions - maintain muscle elasticity - promote circulation - promote sensory awareness - inhibit/reduce pain |
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What are the benefits of AROM? |
- maintain muscle elasticity/strength - increase circulation - increase sensory awareness - maintain/improve CP function - prevent thrombus in LE - maintain tendon bone interface |
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What exercise can help prevent blood clots in the LEs? |
Ankle pumps |
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AROM can improve strength in a pt. whose grade is ____ on the MMT. |
Fair (Muscles stronger than fair must contract against external resistance in order to gain strength.) |
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To allow full joint motion, multijoint muscles must not be ____ simultaneously over the joints they cross. |
Lengthened |
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A patient c what type of injury may benefit from tightness in the extrinsic finger flexors? |
Pt. c spinal cord injury that has spared C6 nerve root. (Can use tenodesis to grip objects.) |
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In which direction will a muscle contracture develop? |
In the same direction as the movement the muscle produces. |
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When performing shoulder abduction, what other movement may be necessary? |
External rotation of humerus (full can position) |
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When performing elbow flexion/extension, what positions must the forearm be in? |
Neutral, pronated, supinated |
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When performing ankle dorsiflexion, what knee position will allow more complete ROM? |
Flexion (Then the gastrocnemius is shortened over one joint while lengthening over the other.) |
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What position should the patient be in to elongate the hamstrings? |
Supine with knee extended and hip flexed. |
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What position should the patient be in to elongate the quadriceps? |
Prone with knee flexed and hip extended. |
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What test should be performed before doing any PROM of the cervical spine? |
Vertebral artery occlusion (test) |
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What are some advantages of diagonal patterns as compared to traditional anatomic planes? |
- incorporate rotation - cross midline of body - more functional - combine several motions - exercise multiple joints c one motion |
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Diagonal patterns are named according to the position of the ____ joint at the ____ of the pattern. |
Proximal, conclusion |
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To initiate UE D1 Fl, how would the limb be positioned? |
UE D1 Ex |
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What type of muscle contraction, concentric or eccentric, develops more tension? |
Eccentric |
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Which position eliminates gravity when flexing the hip or knee? |
Side lying |
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When do most muscles have the weakest contractile capacity? |
Beginning and end of ROM |
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During which type of exercise is it especially important to instruct the patient to avoid the Valsalva maneuver? |
Isometric resistive |
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Which multijoint muscles must be considered when doing PROM or stretching? |
Biceps brachii Triceps brachii Flexor digitorum superficialis/profundus Extensor digitorum Hamstrings Quadriceps (rectus femoris) Tensor fascia latae Gastrocnemius |
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What is often the first type of exercise done after surgery? |
Isometric contractions |