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40 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Adenosine (Adenocard)
Classification and Mech. of Action |
Class: Endogenous Nucleotide
Mech. of Action: Slows conduction through the AV Node, Interrupts re-entry pathways. Slows heart rate, Acts directly on sinus pacemaker cells. Drug of choice for PSVT Diagnostic tool for stable, wide-complex tachycardias of unknown origin after 2 doses of lidocaine |
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Adenosine (Adenocard)
Indications, Contraindications & Adverse Reactions |
Conversion of PSVT to NSR
Conversion of PSVT to WPW Not effective in Afib/Aflutter Contraindications 2nd or 3rd Degree heart blocks or sick sinus syndrome A Flutter/A Fib Adverse Reactions Facial flusing, SOB, CP, Headache, Parethesia, Diaphoresis, Palpitations, Nausea, Metallic Taste |
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Adenosine (Adenocard)
Dosage and Administration |
3 mg/ml in 2-ml flip top for IV injection
Adult: 6mg IVP; if no response after 1-2 min: 12mg IVP. Max dose of 30mg Pedi: 0.1-0.2mg/kg IVP to max of 12mg |
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Albuterol (Proventil)
Classification & Mech. Of Action |
Sympathomimetic, bronchodilator
Selective b-2 agonist which stimulates adrenergic receptors of the sympathomimetic nervous system resulting in smooth muscle relaxation in bronchial tree and peripheral vasculature |
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Albuterol (Proventil)
Indications, Contraindications & Adverse Reactions |
TX of bronchospasm in patients with COPD/asthma. Prevention of exercise induced bronchospasm
Contraindications: Hypersensitivity Tachy-dysrhythmias, esp. caused by digitalis Synergistic w/ other sympathomimetics Adverse Reactions: Dose-related restlessness, temors, dissiness, palpitations, tachycardia, nervousness, peripheral vasodilation, nausea, vomiting, HTN, paradoxical bronchospasm |
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Albuterol (Proventil)
Supply and Dosage |
0.5% - 5mg/ml
MDI: 90 mcg/metered spray Dose 2.5mg Dilute solution in 2.5ml for neb tx |
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Aminophylline
Class and Mech of Action |
Xanthine Bronchodilator
(theophylline derivative) Resp. stimulator and bronchodilator |
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Aminophylline
Indications, Contraindications & Adverse Reactions |
Limited use. May be used in refractory COPD
Hypersensitivity Cardiac dysrhythmias Tachycardia, palpitations, PVC's, Angina pectoris, headache, seizure, n/v |
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Aminophylline
Supply & Dosage |
500mg/10ml ampules
500mg/20ml ampules 25 mg/ml: 250 mg/ml ampule 5-6mg/kg in 60-200 ml of ns |
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Amiodarone (Cordarone)
Classification & Mech. Of Action |
Antidysrhythmic
Prolongation of Action Potential; non-competitive alpha & beta shympathetic blocking effects; calcium channel blocking effects |
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Amiodarone (Cordarone)
Indications, Contraindications & Adverse Reactions |
Supression of V-Fib refrac to defib & lido
Supression of V-Tach refrac to cardioversion & lido Contraindications 2nd or 3rd degree cardiac blocks med induced V dysrhythmias hypotension, bradycardia, torsades des pointes, profound sinus bradycardia adverse reactions hypotension, bradycardia, PEA, CHF, Abnormal Liver Functions, Thrombocytopenia |
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Amiodarone (Cordarone)
Supply & Dosage |
150 mg in 3 ml vials
300mg slow IVP (1-2 min) in 10cc NS. |
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Atropine (Intropin)
Classification & Mech. Of Action |
Anticholinergic agent
Parasympatholytic: Inhibits acetylcholine @ postganglionic neuroeffector sites Increses heart rate in life-threatening bradydysrhythmias |
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Atropine (Intropin)
Indications, Contraindications & Adverse Reactions |
Hemodynamically significant bradycardia
Asystole Organophosphate poisoning Bronchospastic pulmonary d/o Contraindicated: Tachycardia, Narrow-angle glaucoma, unstable cardiovascular status in acute hemorrhage and MI Adverse Reactions Headache, dizziness, palpitations, N/V, paradoxical bradycardia when pushed slowly or at low doses |
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Atropine (Intropin)
Dosage & Supply |
Prefilled syringes: 1.0mg in 10ml
Dose Bradydysrhythymias 0.5-1.0mg IV q 3-5 min max does of 0.04mg/kg ET @ 2.0 mg with 2.0ml NS Asystole 1.0mg IVP q 3-5 min as needed. max of 3mg |
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Calcium Chloride/Calcium Gluconate
Classification & Mech. of Action |
Electrolyte
Increases cardiac contractile state (positive inotropic effect). May enhance ventricular automaticity |
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Calcium Chloride/Calcium Gluconate
Indications, Contraindications & Adverse Reactions |
Hypocalcemia, Mag. Sulfate OD, Hyerkalemia, Calcium Channel blocker toxicity. Adjuct for tx of insect bites and stings
Contraindications: Hypercalcemia, VF during cardiac resuscitation. Digitalis toxicity Adverse Reactions: bradycardia, asystole, hypotension, peripheral vasodilations, metallic taste, coronary & cerebral spasms |
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Calcium Chloride/Calcium Gluconate
Supply & Dosage |
(100mg/ml)
10% solution in 10ml ampule 2-4mg/kg slow IV over 5 min. repeat in 10 min. max of 10gm |
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Diltiazem HCL (Cardizem)
Classification & Mech. of Action |
Calcium Channel Blocker
Block influx of calcium ions into caridac muscle: prevents spasm of coronary arteries. Arterial & Venous vasodilator Reduces Preload & Afterload Reduces Myocardial 02 demand |
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Diltiazem HCL (Cardizem)
Indications, Contraindications & Adverse Reactions |
Control of rapid ventricular rates due to A-Fib/Flutter & PSVT
Angina Pectoris Contraindications Hypotension Sick Sinus Syndrome 2nd or 3rd degree AV heart block Cardiogenic Shock Wide-complex tachycardias Adverse Reactions Bradycardia, 2nd or 3rd degree AV block, CP, CHF, Syncope, Vfib, Vtach, dry mouth, dyspnea, n/v, headache |
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Diltiazem HCL (Cardizem)
Supply & Dosage |
25mg/5l vial
50/mg in 10ml vial non-refrigerated lyo-ject 0.25mg/kg (average dose of 20mg) IV over 2 min. May rebolus in 15min @ 0.35mg/kg IV over 2 min not for pediatrics |
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Ipratropium Bromide (Atrovent)
Classification & Mech. of Action |
Bronchodilator
Blocks the action of acetycholine @ the parasympathetic sites in bronchial smooth muscles causing dilation |
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Ipratropium Bromide (Atrovent)
Indications, Contraindications & Adverse Reactions |
Used in bronchospasm esp. associated with COPD & emphysema
Contraindicated hypersensitivity to atropine or derivatives Adverse poorly absorbed so rarely systemic issue poss. headache, nervousness, hypotension, cough, palpitations |
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Iprotropium Bromide (Atrovent)
Supply & Dosage |
neb ampule: 0.02% (2.5ml)
MDI 18mcg per dose adult: 2-3 puffs per MDI tid-qid 500mcg NEB q 6-8 hours. can mix with albuterol within an hour |
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Dopamine (Intropin)
Classification & Mech of Action |
Sympathomimetic, Inotrope
Immediate metabolic precursor to norepinephrine Increases systemic vascular resistance Dilates renal & splanchnic vasculature Increases myocardia contractility & stroke volume |
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Dopamine (Intropin)
Indications, Contraindications & Adverse Reactions |
Cardiogenic/Septic/Spinal Shock
Hypotension with low cardiac output Distributive shock hypotension after return of circulation Contraindicated: Hypovolemic shock pheochromocytoma tachydysrhythmias VF Adverse Reactions Cardiac dysrhythmias, HTN, increased myocardial 02 demand, extraversion causes tissue necrosis |
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Dopamine (Intropin)
Supply & Dosage |
200mg/5ml-400mg/5l prefilled syringes, ampules for IV infusion
2-20mcg/kg/min low dose 1-2 mcg/kg/min = beta 1 & dopaminergic effects med dose 2-10mcg/kg/min = alpha & beta effects High dose greater than 10mcg/kg/min = purely alpha (vasodilation) |
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Dextrose
Classification & Mech. of Action |
Carbohydrate, hypertonic solution
Rapidly increases serum glucose levels short-term osmotic diuresis |
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Dextrose
Indications, Contraindications & Adverse Reactions |
Hypoglycemia, altered LOC & seizure of unknown etiology
contraindications intracranial hemorrhage, DT's, use with thiammine Adverse Extravasation causes tissue necrosis warmth, pain, burning, thrombophlebitis |
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Dextrose
Supply & Dosage |
25gn.59nk prefilled syringes (500mg/ml)
12.5-25gm slow iv q if necessary pedi 0/5-1gm/kg/dose slow iv, may q if necessary |
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Furosemide (Lasix)
Classification & Mech. of Action |
Loop diuretic
Inhibits electrolyte reabsorption & promotes excretion of sodium, potassium and chloride |
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Furosemide (Lasix)
Indications, Contraindications & Adverse Reactions |
CHF, Pulmonary Edema, Hypertensive Crisis
Contraindicated Hypovolemia, Anuria, Hypotension, hepatic coma Adverse Reactions exacerbates hypovolemia, hypokalemia, ECG changes, dry mouth, hypocholermia, hyponatremia, hpyerglycemia |
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Furosemide (Lasix)
Dosage & Supply |
100mg/5ml
20mg/2ml 40mg/4ml 0.5-1.0mg/kg slow iv (usually start at 40 Pedi: 1mg/kg IV, IO if patient takes lasix normally double their daily dose |
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Epinephrine (Adrenalin)
Classification & Mech of Action |
Sympathomimetic
Direct alpha & beta agonist alpha: bronchial cutaneous, renal & visceral arteriolar vasoconstriction Beta 1: positive inotropic & chronotropic actions, increases automaticity Beta 2: bronchial smooth muscle relaxation & dilation of skeletal vasculature. Blocks histamine release |
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Epinephrine (Adrenalin)
Indications, Contraindications & Adverse Reactions |
Cardiac Arrest, Asystole, PEA, VF unresponsive to initial defib.
Severe bronchospasm, asthma, bronchiolitis Anaphylaxsis. Acute allergic reactions Contraindicated HTN, hypovolemia, Pulmonary edema, Coronary insufficiency, hypovolemic shock Adverse HTN, dysthythmias, pulmonary edema, anxiety, psychomotor agitation, nausea, angina headache |
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Epinephrine (Adrenalin)
Supply & Dosage |
1mg/ml (1:1,000) ampules
0.1mg/ml (1:10,000) prefilled syringes epi pens: 0.3mg/ml or 0.15mg/ml allergic reactions: 0.3-0.5mg (0.3-0.5ml 1:1,000) SC Anaphylaxsis: 0.3-0.5mg (3-5ml 1:10,000) q 3-5 min Cardiac Arrest, Asystole, PEA, VF: 1mg IV push (1:10.000) q 3.5min pedi: 0.01mg/kg 1:1,000 SC max of 0.3mg cardiac arrest 0.01mg/kg (1:10,000) |
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Lidocaine HCL (2%) (Xylocaine)
Classification & Mech. of Action |
Antidysrhythmic
Decreases automaticity by slowing rate of spontaneous phase 4 depolarization |
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Lidocaine HCL (2%) (Xylocaine)
Indications, Contraindications & Adverse Reactions |
Suppression of V-Tach, VF, PVC's (ventricular dysrhythmias)
Propholaxysis against recurrence after conversion from V-Tach, VF Contraindicated 2nd or 3rd degree heart blocks without articial pacemaker Hypotension, Stokes Adams Adverse Reactions Slurred Speech, Seizures, Altered Mental Status, Confusion, Lightheadedness, Blurred Vision, Bradycardia |
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Lidocaine HCL (2%) (Xylocaine)
Supply & Dosage |
100mg in 5ml sol prefilled syringes
1 & 2 gram additive syringes 100mg in 5ml sol ampules 1 & 2 gram vials in 30ml sol Cardiac Arrest VT/VF: 1.0-1.5 IVP q 3-5 min to macx of 3mg/kg after conversion to NSR drip @ 2-4mg/min PVC's with pulse: 0.5-1.5mg/kg IVP, additional boluses q 5-10 min. Max of 3mg/kg drip @ 2-4mg/min ASAP Pedi 1mg/kg infuse @ 20-50mcg/kg/min |
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Magnesium Sulfate
Classification & Mech of Action |
Electrolyte
Reduces straited muscle contractions & blocks peripheral neuromuscluar transmission by reducing ACHE @ myoneural junction Manages seizures in eclampsia Induces uterine relaxation Can cause bronchodilation after beta-agnoists & anticholinergics have been used |