Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
Relative Inequality |
average disproportionality of income; lack of collateral |
|
|
Capital Flight |
rich people spend much or these incomes on imported luxury goods. |
|
|
Dualistic Development and Shifting Lorenz Curves |
introduced by Gary Fields |
|
|
Modern- Sector Enlargement |
enlarging the size of its modern sector while maintaining constant wages in both sectors. |
|
|
Modern- Sector Enrichment |
growth is limited to a fixed number of people in the modern sector |
|
|
Traditional Sector Enrichment |
all benefits of growth are divided among traditional-sector workers |
|
|
Kuznet's Curve |
by Simon Kuznet; graph reflecting relationship between country’s income per capita and its equality of income distribution. |
|
|
Character of Economic Growth |
distributive implications of economic growth as reflected in such factors as participation in the growth process and asset ownership. |
|
|
Chronic Poverty |
one-third of all people who are income poor at any one time are chronically (always) poor |
|
|
Rural Poverty |
most valid generalizations about the poor are that they are disproportionately located in rural areas, that they are primarily engaged in agricultural and associated activities, that they are more likely to be women and children than adult males |
|
|
Women and Poverty |
substantial majority of the world’s poor as women become inferior |
|
|
Ethnic Minorities |
Indigenous Populations, and Poverty- final generalization about the incidence of poverty in the developing world is that it falls especially heavily on minority ethnic groups and indigenous populations. |
|
|
Disposable Income |
actual amount available for expenditure on goods and services and for saving |
|
|
Asset ownership |
The ownership of land, physical capital (factories, buildings, machinery, etc.), human capital, and financial resources that generate income for owners. |
|
|
Redistribution policies |
Policies geared to reducing income inequality and expanding economic opportunities in order to promote development, including income tax policies, rural development policies, and publicly financed services. |
|
|
Land Reform |
A deliberate attempt to reorganize and transform existing agrarian systems with the intention of improving the distribution of agricultural incomes and thus fostering rural development. |
|
|
Doubling Time |
relationship between annual percentage increases and the time it takes for a population to double in size |
|
|
Malthusian population trap |
The threshold population level anticipated by Thomas Malthus (1766–1834) at which population increase was bound to stop because life sustaining resources, which increase at an arithmetic rate, would be insufficient to support human population, which would increase at a geometric rate. |
|
|
Somalia (303 GDP) |
wracked by violence per decade; combating Islamist insurgency group |
Poorest Countries |
|
South Sudan (441 GDP) |
facing severe food insecurity due to high levels of violence, currency depreciation, the fallout from the war in Ukraine, and supply disruptions; Intense flooding has also held back activity. |
Poor Countries |
|
Sierra Leone (532 GDP) |
Ebola epidemic rocked the economy, impacting employment and trade; vulnerable to climate change |
|
|
Malawi (606 GDP) |
constrained by a reliance on subsistence agriculture and a single cash crop, tobacco; high public debt is likely crowding out private investment, while electricity blackouts will be denting business activity. |
|
|
Central African Republic (624 GDP) |
weak central government, with armed rebel groups operating freely in the country and enjoying control over large swathes of the national territory. |
|
|
Primary Care in Developing Countries |
The lives of 6 million children could be saved globally each year through more effective primary care. However, half of the world’s population cannot access essential health services. |
|