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41 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
acclimatization
|
alteration in a body system in response to environmental change |
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alteration
|
change of the set point in a homeostatic system |
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apodeme
|
ingrowth of an animal’s exoskeleton that functions as an attachment site for muscles |
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asymmetrical
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describes animals with no axis of symmetry in their body pattern |
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basal metabolic rate
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metabolic rate at rest in endothermic animals; also known as BMR |
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canaliculus
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microchannel that connects the lacunae and aids diffusion between cells |
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cartilage
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type of connective tissue with a large amount of ground substance matrix, cells called chondrocytes, and some amount of fibers |
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chondrocyte
|
cell found in cartilage |
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columnar epithelia
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epithelia made of cells taller than they are wide, specialized in absorption |
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connective tissue
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type of tissue made of cells, ground substance matrix, and fibers |
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cuboidal epithelia
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epithelia made of cube-shaped cells, specialized in glandular functions |
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dorsal cavity
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body cavity on the posterior or back portion of an animal; includes the cranial and vertebral cavities |
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ectotherm
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animal incapable of maintaining a relatively constant internal body temperature |
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endotherm
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animal capable of maintaining a relatively constant internal body temperature |
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epithelial tissue
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tissue that either lines or covers organs or other tissues |
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estivation
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torpor in response to extremely high temperatures and low water availability |
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fibrous connective tissue
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type of connective tissue with a high concentration of fibers |
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frontal plane
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plane cutting through an animal separating the individual into front and back portions; also known as coronal plane |
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fusiform
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animal body shape that is tubular and tapered at both ends |
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lacuna
|
space in cartilage and bone that contains living cells |
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loose connective tissue
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type of connective tissue with small amounts of cells, matrix, and fibers; found around blood vessels; also known as areolar connective tissue |
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matrix
|
component of connective tissue made of both living and non-living (ground substances) cells |
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midsagittal plane
|
plane cutting through an animal separating the individual into even right and left sides |
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negative feedback loop
|
feedback to a control mechanism that increases or decreases a stimulus instead of maintaining it |
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osteon
|
subunit of compact bone |
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positive feedback loop
|
feedback to a control mechanism that continues the direction of a stimulus |
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sagittal plane
|
plane cutting through an animal separating the individual into right and left sides |
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set point
|
midpoint or target point in homeostasis |
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simple epithelia
|
single layer of epithelial cells |
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squamous epithelia
|
type of epithelia made of flat cells, specialized in aiding diffusion or preventing abrasion |
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standard metabolic rate
|
metabolic rate at rest in ectothermic animals; also known as SMR |
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stratified epithelia
|
multiple layers of epithelial cells |
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thermoregulation
|
regulation of body temperature |
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torpor
|
decrease in activity and metabolism that allows an animal to survive adverse conditions |
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trabecula
|
tiny plate that makes up spongy bone and gives it strength |
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transitional epithelia
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epithelia that can transition for appearing multilayered to simple; also called uroepithelial |
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transverse plane
|
plane cutting through an animal separating the individual into upper and lower portions; also known as horizontal plane |
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ventral cavity
|
body cavity on the anterior or front portion of an animal that includes the thoracic cavities and the abdominopelvic cavities |
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hibernation |
torpor over a long period of time, such as a winter |
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homeostasis |
dynamic equilibrium maintaining appropriate body functions |
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pseudostratified |
layer of epithelia that appears multilayered, but is a simple covering |