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50 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Vancomycin
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IV. against G+ organisms. inhibits cell wall synthesis.
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Linezolid
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Zyvox. resistant G+ organisms. blocks protein synthesis in new spot (blocks assembly of ribosomes). bacteriostatic
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Daptomycin
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Cubicin. for resistant G+. binds to plasma membrane. bacteriocidal
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Natamycin
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Natacyn - Antifungal. binds to sterols in cell membrane, creating pores. broad spectrum.
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Amphotericin B
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Fungizone. antifungal. creates pores. broad spectrum.
Toxicity: reversible renal damage, hypotension, vomiting. |
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Nystatin
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Mycostatin - antifungal. binds to sterols, pores. broad spectrum.
Tox: nausea, vomitting, blood disorders, renal damage |
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Miconazole
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Monistat. antifungal. inhibits P450 enzymes. broad with effect on G+ bacteria.
Tox: low tox. SPK. systemic admin: nasua, fever, anorexia, anemia.. Other imidazoles/triazoles: ketoconazole (nizoral), clotrimazole (lotrimin), fluconazole (diflucan), fluconazole |
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Other name for Linezolid
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Zyvox
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Other name for Daptomycin
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Cubicin
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Other name for Natamycin
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Natacyn
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Other name for Amphotericin B
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Fungizone
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Other name for Nystatin
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Mycostatin
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Other name for Miconazole
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Monistat
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Othername for Flucytosine
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5-flucorocytosine
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Flucoytosine
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antifungal. disrupts normal rna/dna syntehsis. esp effective in yeast. effective with amphetericin B.
Tox: severe, includes myelosuppression. (bone marrow suppression) |
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Griseofulvin
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inhibits fungal mitosis. effective in dermatophytes. takes long time to work. no ocular use
Tox: oral: H/A, lethargy, confusion, nausea, vomitting, bad taste, blood disorders, photosensitivty |
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General Toxicities of Antivirals
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Common: stomatits (mouth inflam), anorexia, nausea, vomitting
Occational: alopecia (hair loss), blood dyscrasias, blood marrow depression, kidney/liver impairment, convulsions Rare: insomnia, depression, dizziness |
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Idoxuridine
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antiviral. Best against HSV1. nucleotide analog of deoxy-thymidine. needs thymidine kinase to phosphorylate to triphosphate. not oral. MOA: inhibition of several enzymes in DNA synth & incorporation of IDUTP.
Tox: pain, photophobia, edema of lids, keratopathy, limbal follicles, ptosis, allergic reactions, punctal stenosis. |
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Other name of Vidarabine
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Vira-A
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Vidarabine
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anti-viral. ointment. analog of adenosine. inhibits DNA pol, incorp. into viral DNA.
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Other name of Trifluridine
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Viroptic
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Trifluridine
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antiviral. thymidine analog. same MOA as others. selectivity with dose dependent HSV I, II and vaccinia.
no cross-resistance/sensitivty. better penetration. Tox: less frequent. stinging/burning, lid edema, conj. hypermia, chemosis, keratitis, corneal edema. decreased corneal healing, punctal occlusion. IV or topic. |
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Other name for Acyclovir
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Zovirax
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Acyclovir.
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antiviral. HSV I & II, VZV. deoxy-guanosine derivativbe. highly selective. stop recourance.
MOA: preferential phosphylation of virus, inhibition of viral dna pol, incorporation. Tox: burning, stinging, SPK. nausea, vomitting diarrhea, H/A., rash. healing not supressed. |
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Other name of Famciclovir
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Famvir
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Other name of Valacyclovir
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Valtrex
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Ganciclovir
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CMV retinitis. toxic to normal cells. IV or oral.
Tox: RD, bone marrow depress, granulocytopenia, thrombocytopenia. |
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Cidofovir
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similar to ganciclovir.
Tox: nephrotoxicity, proteinuriea, increased creatinine, nausea vomitting, diarrhea, anorexia, ab pain, hair loss, rash, fever, anemias, amblyopia, conjuctivitis, hypotony. |
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Other name of Ganciclovir gel
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Zirgan
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Ganciclovir Gel
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for acute herpatic keratitis.
Tox: blurred vision, irritation, SPK, conj. hpermia. |
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Foscarnet
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for Aids patients with CMV retinitis. inhibits DNA pol and reverse transcriptse. no need for phosphorylation. IV.
Tox: frequent, decreased renal function. bone marrow suprresion, fever, nausea, anemia, diarrhea, vomitting, HA, seizures. |
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Other name of Fomivirsen
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Vitravene
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Fomivirsen
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for CMV retinitis. antisense agent, blocks expression of 2 viral proteins. binds to mRNA.
Tox: similar toxicities. iritis, increased IOP, vitritis, cataracts. |
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Amatadine
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anti-influenza. oral. Prophylactic for influenza A (not B). MOA: inhibit uncoating of virus (interferes with viral protein M2).
Tox: blurred visions, hallucinations, confusion, anxiety, dizziness, orthostatic hypotension, depression, psychosis and CHF. increase actions of anticholigergics. |
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Rimatidine
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Similar to Amantidine
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Zanamivir
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inhaled inhibitor of viral release (neuraminidase). A & B. Bronchosmasm
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Oseltamivir
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same as Zanamivir. inhaled inhibitor of viral release (neuraminidase). A can cause nausea.
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Name 3 Nucleoside RT inhibitors
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Retrovir, Hivid, Videx
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Nucleotide reverse transcriptor inhibitors
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must be triphosphorylated. inhibit reverse transcriptase.
Tox: bone marrow depression, neuropathy, pncreatitis. insomnia, nausea, HA. |
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Non-nucleoside RT inhibitors
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no need to be phosphorylated. alter enzyme conformation. good for HIV-1. restistance rapid.
Tox: rash, HA, less frequent hepatits. |
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Name 2 Non-nucleoside RT inhibitors
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Viramune, Rescriptor
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Protease inhibitors
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inhibition of enzyme to cleave viral polyprotein precursors. stops it from cleaving into parts to leave cell.
Tox: Nausea, vomitting, diarrhea, paresthesias. fatal interaction with AR, AC, benzo's |
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Name 3 Protease Inhibitors
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Norvir, Crixivan, Invirase
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Fuzeon
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newest fusion inhibitor. binds to GP41, prevents conformational change. injected.
Tox: pain, redness, nodules, cysts. Eosinophillia, bacteria pneumonia. |
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Fusion Inhibitors
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Fuzeon, Selzentry
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Selzentry
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oral, blocks entry of HIV
Tox: cough, fever, dizziness, HA, low BP, nausea, bladder irritation |
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Integrase Inhibitors
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blocks ability of integration of HIV DNA into human DNA.
Tox: Diarrhea, nausea, HA, fever |
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Name Integrase Inhibitor
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Raltegravir
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Catabolic Actions of Cortisol
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carb, protein, lipid metabolism.
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MOA of Amantadine and Rimantidine
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prevents uncoating of virus and interfere with viral assembly. stops viral protein M2
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