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58 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What are "Plate Tectonics"? |
The outermost portion of Earth, composed of thin, rigid, and mobile "plates" |
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List 3 examples of evidence used as proof for Tectonic Plates. |
1. Satellites show us that they move 2. Earthquake distribution 3. Age of rock |
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What type of motion does a Divergent boundary have? |
a pull apart motion (<-- -->) |
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What is the result of a Divergent boundary? |
Thinning of the lithosphere |
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List a geographical example of a (C-C) Divergent zone. |
Africa |
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What is the tectonic process of (C-C) Divergent boundaries? |
Rifting |
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What is a feature that results from the rifting process? |
Rift Valley |
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What forces are involved in Divergent boundaries? |
Tensional |
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Is the Sea floor being created or destroyed at a C-C Divergent boundary? Why? |
Neither. In this sense, we are only dealing with continents which has no effect on the sea floor. |
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Give a geographic example of an O-O Divergent boundary |
The Atlantic Ocean |
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What is the tectonic process of O-O Divergent Boundaries? |
Sea-floor spreading |
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What features are a result of Sea-floor spreading? |
- Volcanism - Mid-ocean ridge - Pillow lava |
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Is the Sea Floor being created or destroyed at an O-O Divergent boundary? Why? |
It is being created. After lava flows out it then hardens and creates a new layer of sea-floor. |
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What is the motion of Convergent boundaries? |
Collision (--><--) |
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What forces are involved in Convergent boundaries? |
Compressional forces |
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What are two geographic examples of O-C Convergent boundaries? |
1. West Coast of South America 2. Mt. St. Helens (Near Washington) |
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What is the tectonic process of O-C Convergent boundaries? |
Subduction |
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List two features that result from the O-C subduction process? |
1. Trenches 2. Continental Volcanic Arcs |
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Is the sea floor being created or destroyed at an O-C Convergent boundary? Why |
It is being destroyed because during the subduction process, part of the ocean floor is being pushed under and into the mantle where it is then recycled and ultimately disappears. |
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What is a geographical example of an O-O convergent boundary? |
Alaska/Aleutian Islands |
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What is the tectonic process of O-O Divergent boundaries? |
Subduction |
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What is a feature that results from O-O subduction? |
Volcanic Island Arc's |
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Is the Sea floor being destroyed or created at an O-O Convergent boundary? |
Destroyed |
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Give a geographic example of a C-C Convergent boundary. |
Asia |
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What is the tectonic process of a C-C convergent zone? |
Collision |
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Does subduction occur at a C-C Convergent zone? |
No |
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What is a feature that results from the collision process? |
Mountains (e.g. Himalaya's) |
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Is the sea floor being created or destroyed at a C-C Convergent zone? |
Neither. In this sense, we are only dealing with continents which has no effect on the sea floor.
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What is the motion of Transform boundaries? |
Sliding (v^) |
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What forces are involved in Transform boundaries? |
Shearing |
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Give a geographic example of a C-C Transform boundary. |
The San Andreas Fault |
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What is the tectonic process of a C-C Transform boundary? |
Transform Faulting |
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List three features that result from Transform faulting. |
1. San Andrea Fault 2. Hills 3. Vallies |
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Is the sea floor being created or destroyed at a C-C transform boundary? |
Neither. In this sense, we are only dealing with continents which has no effect on the sea floor.
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What does it mean if a continental margin (coast line) is considered "active"? |
The margin sits along a plate boundary of any type. |
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What does is mean if a continental margin (coast line) is considered "passive"? |
The margin is not near a plate boundary of any type. |
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What is the Continental Shelf? |
The part of the ocean that you swim/surf in (the beach). |
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What is the Slope? |
The part that descends into the deep sea |
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What are some characteristics of a Submarine Canyon? |
Narrow, deep, v-shaped |
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What are Turbidity Currents? |
Underwater avalanches |
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What results from Turbidity Currents? |
The Continental Slope |
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How is the continental rise formed? |
A collection of debris that came from the underwater avalanches/turbidity currents. |
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List the Earth's layers from outside to inside. |
1. Crust 2. Mantle 3. Core 4. Inner Core |
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List the Physical Properties of Earths layers (the sphere's) from outside to inside. |
1. Atmosphere 2. Hydrosphere 3. Lithosphere 4. Asthenosphere 5. Mesosphere |
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List the characteristics of the Asthenosphere. |
Solid but plastic (ability to move and shift around) |
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List some characteristics of the Lithosphere. |
-Avg. 60 miles thick -Rigid, brittle, thin layer of rock -Part of the crust & upper mantle -Essentially a solid |
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Does the Earth's crust have high or low density? |
Low |
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Does the Earth's core have high or low density? |
High |
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What is density? |
Mass per unit volume. (i.e. how heavy is something for its size?) |
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About how much of our Earth's surface is covered by oceans? |
71% |
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Rank the sizes of the oceans in order from largest to smallest. |
1. Pacific 2. Atlantic 3. Indian 4. Arctic |
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What is the average depth of oceans? |
3,682 meters/12,080 feet |
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What is "Partial Melting"? |
When the plates move it can result in higher temperature, or lower pressure, which results in the rocks melting. |
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What are the 3 main differences between a sea and an ocean? |
The sea is: - Smaller and shallower - Not salt water - Enclosed by land |
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What is the Age of Discovery? |
- 30 yr period - Europeans explored N. and S. America - Globe was circumnavigated for the first time - Discovered vastly different cultures |
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What are the four steps of the Scientific Method? |
Observation, Hypothesis, Testing, Theory |
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What is Density? |
Mass per unit volume (i.e. how heavy something is for its size) |
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What is Isostatic Adjustment? |
The vertical movement of crust resulting from the buoyancy of Earth's lithosphere as it floats on the asthenosphere |