Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
40 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What are the 3 types of lipids?
|
Sterols
Triglycerides Phospholipids |
|
3 fatty acid molecules combine with 1 glycerol molecule to form what?
|
A triglyceride
|
|
What chain length can triglycerides be?
|
Short, medium, or long-chain
|
|
Which end does the carboxyl go on?
|
The alpha end - the front end
|
|
Which end does the methyl go on?
|
The omega end - the back end
|
|
What are unsaturated fats missing that makes them unsaturated?
|
One or more hydrogen bonds
|
|
Which unsaturated fatty acid is not bent?
|
Trans-unsaturated fatty acid
|
|
Trans fatty acids result from what process?
|
Hydrogenation
|
|
What do you call the fatty acids that cannot be made by the body and must be obtained from food?
|
Essential fatty acids
|
|
Linoleic acid is what kind of fatty acid?
|
Omega-6 fatty acid
|
|
Alpha-linoleic acid is what kind of fatty acid?
|
Omega-3 fatty acid
|
|
Omega 3 and omega 6 fatty acids contain how many carbons per molecule of each?
|
18 carbons per molecule
|
|
EPA and DHA are types of what kind of fatty acid?
|
Omega-3 fatty acids
|
|
Omega-3 fatty acids reduce the risk of what kind of disease?
|
Heart disease
|
|
A glycerol backbone + two fatty acids + one phosphate are parts of what lipid?
|
Phospholipids
|
|
What lipid transports fat in the blood stream?
|
Phospholipids
|
|
Which lipid contains multiple rings of carbon atoms?
|
Sterols
|
|
Plant sterols block absorption of what?
|
Dietary cholesterol
|
|
Sex hormones, vitamin D, and bile are examples of what kind of lipid?
|
Sterols
|
|
Where does fat digestion begin?
|
Small intestine
|
|
What 2 hormones cause the gallbladder to contract and release bile into the small intestine?
|
Cholecystokinin (CCK) and secretin
|
|
What transports lipids for absorption?
|
Lipoprotein
|
|
What is a chylomicron an example of?
|
Lipoprotein
|
|
How do chylomicrons travel through the body?
|
Through the lymphatic system
|
|
Where are chylomicrons formed?
|
In cells of the small intestine
|
|
Can triglycerides be used for energy?
|
Yes
|
|
What's the difference between a triglyceride and a monoacylglyceride?
|
A monoacylglyceride is a triglyceride after 2 fatty acid tails have been removed
|
|
What is the AMDR for fat?
|
20-35% of calories
|
|
What percent of total energy should saturated fat comprise?
|
Less than 7%
|
|
What are the 4 components of blood lipids?
|
1. Chylomicrons,
2. Very Low Density Lipoproteins, 3. Low Density Lipoproteins, and 4. High Density Lipoproteins |
|
What is the function of Low-Density Lipoprotein?
|
Transport cholesterol to the cells of the body
|
|
What is the function of Very-Low-Density Lipoprotein?
|
Transport endogenous lipids, especially triglycerides, to various tissues of the body.
|
|
What is the function of High-Density Lipoprotein?
|
Transport cholesterol from tissues back to the liver
|
|
What is the function of Chylomicrons?
|
Transport dietary fat into the blood and to the tissues of the body
|
|
A diet high in saturated fats can contribute to the build-up of what artery-blocking substance?
|
Plaques
|
|
What is the RDA for cholesterol?
|
Less than 300 mg per day
|
|
To prevent or reduce cardiovascular disease, an intake of how much fiber is recommended per day?
|
20-30 grams
|
|
To prevent or reduce cardiovascular disease, an intake of how much folate is recommended per day?
|
400 micrograms
|
|
To prevent or reduce cardiovascular disease, an increase in which type of fatty acid is recommended?
|
Omega 3 fatty acids
|
|
What 3 medicines are thought to help reduce risk of cardiovascular disease?
|
Statins,
Bile acid sequestrants, Nicotinic acid |