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35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
A ______ hematoma is a collection of blood between the dura and the arachnoid layer where a thin cushion of fluid normally occupies. It's presence is usually confirmed by a CT or MRI.
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Subdural
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______ or the drooping of an eye lid, is a common sign of many neurological disorders.
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Ptosis
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Expressive or non-fluent aphasis is usually due to damage to the ______ area of the brain. It effects the ability to express oneself using the motor aspects of speech.
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Broca's
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Receptive or fluent aphasia is caused by damage to ________ area of the brain. It is the inability to comprehend the spoken word.
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Wernickes
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The Glasgow coma scale assesses what three areas of level of concsiousness?
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Eye opening
Verbal response motor response |
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According to the Glasgow Coma Scale, a score of __ indicates a deep coma or death and a score of __ indicates normal.
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3
15 |
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Gingival hyperplasia, or swollen and tender gums is a side effect associated with the anticonvulsant, ________.
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Dilantin (Phenytoin)
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The drug of choice for status epilepticus is _______.
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Valium
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Acute prolonged seizure activity is called _____ ______. It is a series of generalized seizures that occur without full recovery of consciousness between attacks.
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Status Epilepticus
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One of the biggest complications seen with Gullian Barre, an autoimmune disorder in which the peripheral nerve myelin is destroyed, is a decline in ___________ function.
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Respiratory
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To assess balance after suspected cerebellum damage, a _______ test should be performed in which the patient closes their eyes and stands with their feet together.
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Romberg
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A ______ sign, or a blood stain surrounded by a yellow stain, indicates a cerebral spinal fluid leak.
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CSF
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A positive ________ sign indicates Meningitis. To test this, while patient is lying down push the legs toward the abdomen. The patient will not be able to fully extend their legs.
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Kernigs
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When flexing a patient's neck produces flexion of the knees and hips, this is a positive _________ sign and it is an indiation of meningitis.
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Brudzinski's
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In ALS, or Lou Gergic's disease, all motor function is lost except in the _____. This disease is normally complicated by ________.
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eyes
pneumonia |
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If a person experiencing signs of a stroke gets diagnosed within three hours they can recieve ____ to reverse stroke by breaking down the clot.
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tPA (tissue plasminogen activator)
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______ is the main diuretic used to reduce cerbral edema.
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Mannitol
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Phenochromotyoma is a tumor on the ______ _______ that causes excessive catecholamine production. What are the usual symptoms associated with this.
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adrenal medulla
1. HYPERTENSION 2. tachycardia 3. diaphoresis 4. palpitations 5. headache |
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Parkinson's disease occurs due to a lack of the neurotransmitter ________ and has _________ tremors associated with it.
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dopamine
nonintentional |
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There are three components to the Cincinatti Stroke scale. What are they?
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1.Facial droop- ask the patient to show their teeth and smile
2. Arm drift- ask the patient to extend arms, palms down, with eyes closed 3. Speech- Ask the patient to say you can't teach an old dog new tricks. |
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A ______ is the primary diagnostic test for a stroke.
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CT
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_______ term used to describe when one half of the body is paralyzed. This often occurs from a stroke
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Hemiplegia
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When the body is weak on one side, this is called__________
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Hemiparesis
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Term used to describe a lack of coordination while performing voluntary movements is _____. This often occurs after a stroke.
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Ataxia
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_______ is difficulty speaking.
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Dysarthria
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__________ is blindness in one half of the visual fields. This often occurs in stroke patients and causes them to only see one-half of what is in front of them. For instance, they can only see one half of their tray of food.
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Hemianopsia
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If you think somone is having a stroke, you can identify it by thinking of the first three letters, STR. What does this stand for?
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Smile
Talk Raise both arms If they have trouble with any of these three tasks, call for help. |
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When there is damage in the midbrain, _______ posturing can occur in which arms, wrist, and fingers are flexed and adducted. Also, lower extremeties are flexed and internally rotated with plantar flexion
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Decorticate
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When there is damage to the pontine level, _______ posturing can occur. This is where all four extremeties are rigidly extended. Forearms are hyperpronated and feet are plantar extended.
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Decerebrate
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Corticosteroids such as _________ can reduce cerebral edema when there is a brain tumor
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dexamethasone
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A ________ _____ ________ is a temporary episode of neurological dysfunction manifested by a sudden loss of motor, sensory, or visual function. It may last a few seconds or minutes and is usually followed by a stroke.
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Transient ischemic attack
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A bruit is usually heard over the ____ artery if a transient ischemic attack occurs.
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carotid
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Aquamephyton (Phytonadione) is the drug name for ________.
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Vitamin K
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Ativan is a sedative,hypnotic sometimes used to treat _____ ______. Valium is the drug of choice for this.
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status epileptic
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When intracranial pressure reaches a certain volume or pressure, the brain can no longer compensate and herniation occurs. The bradycardia, hypertension, and bradypnea associated with this deterioration are known as ______ ______. Medical intervention must be done at this point.
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Cushing's triad
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