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37 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
XII Cranial Nerves
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Olfactory, Optic, Oculomotor, Trochlear, Trigeminal, Abducens, Facial, Vestibularcochlear, Glossopharyngeal, Vagus, Spinal accessory, Hypoglossal
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I. Olfactory
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Sensory: Smell reception and interpretation
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II. Optic
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Sensory: Visual acuity and visual fields.
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III. Oculomotor
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Motor: Raise eyelids, most extraocular movements
Parasympathetic: pupillary constriction, change lens shape |
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IV. Trochlear
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Motor: Downward, inward eye movement.
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V. Trigeminal
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Motor: Jaw opening and clenching, chewing and mastication
Sensory: Sensation to cornea, iris, lacrimal glands, conjunctiva, eyelids, forehead, nose, nasal and mouth mucosa, teeth, tongue, ear, facial skin |
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VI. Abducens
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Motor: Lateral eye movement.
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VII. Facial
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Motor: Movement of facial expression muscles expect jaw, close eyes, labial speech sounds
Sensory: Taste -anterior two thirds of tongue, sensation to pharynx Parasympathetic: Secretion of saliva and tears |
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VIII. Vestibulocochlear
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Sensory: Hearing and equilibrium
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IX. Glossopharyngeal
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Motor: Voluntary muscles for swallowing and phonation
Sensory: Sensation of nasopharynx, gag reflex, taste -posterior one third of tongue Parasympathetic: Secretion of salivary glands, carotid reflex |
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X. Vagus
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Motor: Voluntary muscles of phonation (guttural speech sounds) and swallowing
Sensory: Sensation behind the ear and part of external ear canal. Parasympathetic: Secretion of digestive enzymes; peristalsis; carotid reflex; involutary action of heart, lung, and digestive |
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XI. Spinal accessory
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Motor: Turn head, shrug shoulders, some action for phonation
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XII. Hypoglossal
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Motor: Tongue movement for speech sound articulation and swallowing
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What is Dizziness?
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Feeling of being lightheaded
Common with low blood pressure, dehydration Feeling of "Passing out" |
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What is Vertigo?
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Feeling of you or your surroundings spinning or whirling.
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What do you assess for a neurologic physical assessment?
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1. Level of consciousness (Ask them what their name is) [Oriented to self, place & time]
2. Pupillary evaluation 3. Neuromuscular response including cranial nerves 4. Vital signs |
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What do you ask a patient to assess level of consciousness?
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Check if person is orientated to self, place & time
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In what order does a person lose orientation to self, place & time?
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* Date and time is first to disappear.
* Place is second orientation to disappear. * Person is last orientation to disappear. |
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Why do we use Glasgow Coma Scale in neurological assessment?
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The nurses uses the GCS as a tool to assess the level of consciousness.
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What three major components are you assessing in neurological assessment?
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Brain function, central nervous system, peripheral nervous system
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How do you assess Cranial nerve II?
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Visual acuity- using Snellen eye chart.
Visual fields- peripheral |
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What does PERRLA stand for?
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Pupils
Equal Round Reactive Light Accommodation |
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What happens to the left eye if you shine a light in the right eye?
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They both constrict together.
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What is accomodation?
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Test the physical movements of the eye
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Six Cardinal Views of Gaze
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allows assessment of each muscle in its primary field of action
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What is the Weber test using a tuning fork?
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Activate the tuning fork and place on top of head, patient should hear the sound on both sides equally.
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What is the Rinne test using a tuning fork?
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Activate the tuning fork and place it on the mastoid process behind the ear. Ask the patient to tell you when they can no longer feel the vibration. Then placed next to the ear and ask when they can no longer hear it. Time each portion, time to hear it should be twice as long as feeling it.
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What is the Whisper test?
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Have the patient occlude one ear and whisper a word or letter and have the patient repeat it to you. Do the same with the other ear.
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What are dermatomes?
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each nerve corresponds with a specific area of the skin
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How many spinal nerves are there?
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31
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How many Cervical nerves are there?
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8
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How many Thoracic nerves are there?
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12
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How many lumbar nerves are there?
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5 (Spinal plexes)
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How many Sacral nerves are there?
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5 (Sacral plexus)
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What is the last spinal nerve?
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Coccygeal nerve
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What is sympathetic nervous system?
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Flight or fight, located through T-1 to L-3
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What is parasympathetic?
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Feed and breed, sacral and cervical
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