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61 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
3 Modern Era Musicians
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1. Copeland
2. Beirnstein 3. Debussy |
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The distance in pitch between two notes sounded consecutively. Melodies contain a succession of these
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Intervals
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The most comfortable singing range
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tessitura
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A childs singing voice is ______________ and _____________ in tone.
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light and clear
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what are the 4 major families of instruments in a symphony orchestra
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1. strings
2. percussion 3. woodwinds 4. brass |
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what are 4 basic instruments in the string family
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1. violin
2. cello 3. viola 4. double bass and (harp) |
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The smaller the instrument the _______ the pitch.
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higher
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What are the 4 major instruments of the brass family?
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1. trumpet
2. trumbone 3. french horn 4. tuba |
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All instruments in the brass family have VALVES to change the PITCH except for the _______________.
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Trombone- instead of valves, the slide is pushed out or pulled in
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The woodwind family contains which seven members?
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1. piccolo
2. flute 3. clarinet 4. oboe 5. english horn 6. bassoon 7. contrabassoon |
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the woodwind family is divided into which 3 groups
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1. single-reed
2. double- reed 3. no-reed |
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Different sounds are produced by the woodwind family by _____________.
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opening or closing holes
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the smallest/highest of the woodwind family is the __________.
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piccolo
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Any surface that is struck is considered to be ___________-.
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percussive (a percussion instrument)
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Percussion instruments can be categorized as having ______ or ____________.
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definite or indefinite pitch
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Examples of some percussion instruments found in the orchestra are:
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1. bass drum
2. chimes/tubular bells 3. snare drum 4. cymbals 5. triangle 6. piano |
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Name 3 composers during the Romantic era
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1. Chopin
2. Brahms 3. Schoebert (Beethoven's later music) |
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Name 2 classical era composers:
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1. Mozart
2. Hayden (Beethoven's early music) |
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What was the style of music in the classic era?
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simple, cool, controlled
refined; looked for symmetry |
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Name 2 primary composers during the Baroque period:
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1. Bach
2. Handel |
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What was the music like in the baroque period?
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loud and massive
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Who was the primary composer (Italian) during the Renaissance?
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Palestrina
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What is the order of the musical periods in history? (7)
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1. Ancient
2. Medieval 3. Renaissance 4. Baroque 5. Classic 6. Romantic 7. Modern |
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A succession of chords that support a melody
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homophonic texture
(chordal) |
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when two or more independent melodic lines sound simultaneously causing harmony to result.
means "many voices" |
polyphonic texture
(imitative) |
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Music that consists of a single, unaccompanied melodic line
means "one voice" |
monophonic texture
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What are the three musical textures?
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1.Monophonic texture
2. Polyphonic texture 3. Homophonic texture |
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A passage added to the interior of a composition; it connects one section to another more smoothly than would occur if it were absent
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interlude
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a passage added to the last major section of a form
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coda
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passage that occurs before the major sections of a form. It may be used to set the tempo, mood, or key of the musical work
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introduction
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What are the 4 criteria for determining the number of phrases?
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1. Phrases are usually 4 measures long
2. They are generally consistent 3. They often begin alike 4. Phrases usually end with a rest or a held note |
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What are the 6 types of forms?
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1. one part form- A
2. binary form- AB 3. Ternary form- ABA 4. Rondeau- ABACABA 5. Immitative- 1.----- 2--------- 6. Theme and variations- a1 a2 a3 |
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Phrases are usually _____ measures in length.
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4
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a musical line that contains a coherent grouping of pitches, similar to a sentence that contains a coherent grouping of words
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phrase
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a chord containing four pitches
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seventh chord
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what the names of all 7 chords?
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I. tonic
II. super tonic III. Mediant IV. subdominant V. dominant VI. submediant VII. leading tone |
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What is the name for the first chord?
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Tonic
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What is the name for the 2nd chord?
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super tonic
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What is the name for the 3rd chord?
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mediant
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what is the name for the 4th chord?
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subdominant
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what is the name for the 5th chord?
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dominant
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what is the name for the 6th chord?
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submediant
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what is the name for the 7th chord?
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leading tone
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secondary chords are used to add...
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color and interest to a song
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What are the secondary chords?
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All remaining chords besides the primary chords
2nd, 3rd, 6th, and 7th |
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What are the primary chords?
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the most important chords
1st, 4th, and 5th |
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A chord containing three notes, including a root, a third and a fifth
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triad
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Harmonic interval
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in which two pitches are sounded together
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What is the simultaneously sounding of three or more differnet pitches?
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chord
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What results when a melody is accompanied with a pitch instrument such as an autoharp or the piano?
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harmony
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when singing the human voice moves through different positions of the vocal range known as
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registers
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lighter vocal register is governed by a set of throat muscles that control the vocal mechanism for upper register singing
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head register
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heavier vocal register is governed by a different set of throat muscles that control lower register singing
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chest register
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which register should be used for children's voices because of the high flute like quality
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head register
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what are physical characteristics of good singing
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posture, breathing, articulation
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What is the child's voice range?
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Low C to high F
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lowest sounding instrument in the orchestra
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contrabassoon
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different melodies that can be sung together
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partner songs
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may have any number of A's depending on the number of stanzas in the poem
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strophic
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compositions is sometimes repeated again and again, but it alters in different ways for each succeeding repetition
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theme and variation
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what is a 8th interval also called
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octave
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