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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What is the normal range for the equine heart rate? Where can you palpate a pulse?
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40-60 beats/minute
Facial a. Digital a. Transverse facial a. Caudal auricular a. Radial a. |
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What is the normal heart rate range for sheep? Where can you palpate a pulse?
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70-100 beats/minute
Common digital a. Caudal auricular a. Saphenous a. Radial a. |
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What is pulse pressure?
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Difference between systolic and diastolic pressure. Doesn't give an accurate estimate of blood pressure
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What is mucous membrane CRT an indicator of?
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Blood pressure, perfusion
Should be < 2 sec |
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What are examples or direct and indirect measurement methods for blood pressure?
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Direct: Arterial catheterization, transducer/amplifier, aneroid manometer
Indirect: Doppler |
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Where are sites that you can use to take direct blood pressure readings?
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Facial a.
Radial a. Dorsal metatarsal a. Common digital a. |
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Where are sites that you can use to take indirect blood pressure readings?
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Tail a.
Radial a. Common digital a. |
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What are normal ranges for systolic, diastolic, and mean blood pressure for the pony and sheep?
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Same ranges for both animals
Systolic: 95-120 mmHg Diastolic: 65-90 mmHg Mean: 75-100 mmHg |
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How does pulse oximetry work?
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Utilizes red and infrared light to determine hemoglobin saturation.
Tongue is primary site to place the probe. |
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What are normal respiration rates and volumes for ponies and sheep?
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Ponies: 6-8 breaths/min, 8-12 ml/kg
Sheep: 25-40 breaths/min, 5-8 ml/kg |
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What ocular reflexes can you use to monitor anesthesia?
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Palpebral reflex - weak to absent in horses, not dependable in ruminants
Corneal reflex - not safe, use other ways of monitoring Nystagmus - Medial-lateral oscillations of the horses eye when depth is decreasing. Not dependable in other species. |
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Choose pony or sheep:
Swallowing reflex can occur despite adequate depth of anesthesia |
Sheep
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Choose pony or sheep:
Swallowing reflex is lost early, regained just prior to return of consciousness |
Pony
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True or False:
Purposeful movement indicates insufficient anesthetic depth in all species |
True
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True or false:
Involuntary movement may occur despite adequate anesthetic depth in sheep |
True
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