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35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
SALMONELLA
Food Poisoning |
Disease: Food Poisoning
Organism: Salmonella enteritidis S/S: fever, abdominal cramps, and diarrhea beginning 12 to 72 hours Treatment: antibiotics usually not necessary Prevention: proper handling of food items |
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SALMONELLA
Typhoid Fever |
Disease: Typhoid Fever
Organism:Salmonella typhimurium S/S: fever, chills, bouts of sweats, bradycardia, coughing, rash or "rose spots" Treatment:antibiotics; chloramphenicol, military get vaccine Prevention: education of proper handwashing -- fecal/oral; "Typhoid Mary" |
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Yersinia
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Disease: Yersinia/plague
Organism:Yersinia Pestis S/S: Treatment:Tetrycilcine, streptomycin, vacine to medical and family of exposed Prevention: cleanlyness; carried by flees of rats, mice, squirrles, prairry dogs. |
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3 types of
Yersinia and how they differ |
Bubonic plague: breeding in cells of blood; hangs out in Lymph nodes = 50-70% death
Septisemia plague: bacterium in blood stream; septic shock= 50-70% death Pneumonic plague: infection in lungs; fast/quick death = 100% death |
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Shigella
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Disease: Shigella
Organism:Shigella dysenteriae S/S: diarrhea, fever, nausea, vomiting, stomach cramps, convultions and coma caused by Shiga toxins Treatment: antibiotics; cipro, electrolites and fluid replacement. no vaccine Prevention:hygene; typically via ingestion (fecal–oral contamination) |
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what is Shiga toxins?
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Shigella bacterium produces a neurotoxin; Shiga toxins act to inhibit protein synthesis within target cells
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Haemophilus influenzae
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Disease: Menigitia
Organism: Haemophilus influenza S/S: flu like symptoms, ear infections, coma, convultions Treatment: HIB vaccine Prevention: HIB vaccine in children; 6 mo - 4 yrs, 6% mortality of those % 30 to 50% mental retardation |
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Bordetella
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Disease: whooping cough
Organism: Bordetella pertussis S/S: cough Treatment:antibiotics; arythromycin Prevention:Vaccine DTP |
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Pseudomonas
and Burn infections |
Disease: pseudomonas
Organism: Pseudomonas aeruginosa S/S: typical cause of "hot-tub rash" (dermatitis), caused by lack of proper, periodic attention to water quality. The most common cause of burn infections; blue green pus - organisms grow under scab Treatment: Cipro; |
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Mycoplasma
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Disease: Walking pneumonia
Organism: Mycoplasma pneumoniae S/S: mild resp. infection, low grade fever about 3 wks., head aches Treatment: antibitoics Prevention: infection caused by resp. droplets |
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Rickettsia
Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever |
Disease: Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever
Organism:Rickettsia Richettsae S/S: fever, headache, 2-4 days later rash from distal to proximal of body Treatment: antibiotics, no effective vaccine Prevention: stay out of the woods; 5-20% mortaility, 1000 cases per year. |
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Rickettsia
Typhus |
Disease: Typhus; human body lice
Organism: Rickettsia prowaskii S/S: fever, rash Treatment: general antibiotics Prevention: bacteria in poo of lice, poo into skin, mortality 30% if untreated |
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Chlamydia
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Disease: Chlamydia; human eye and genital disease
Organism: Chlamydia trachomatis S/S: painful urination, common asymptomatic PID. in eye; blindness if untreated Treatment: antibiotics Prevention: most common STD in the world; 3-4 mill. each year in U.S. |
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Chlamydia
Elementary body vs. Reticulate body |
Elementary body: EB = infection accured, enters cell (oblicate intracellular parasite)
Reticulate body: RB = starts to divide |
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SPIROCHETES
Syphilis |
Disease:
Organism: Treponema pallidum S/S: dubbed the "Great Imitator" Treatment: penicillin or other antibiotics Prevention: sexual contact; congenital syphilis (transmission from mother to child in utero) |
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SPIROCHETES
Lyme Disease |
Disease:Lyme disease
Organism: Borrelia burgdorteri S/S: "bulls eye" site of bite. fever, malaise, fatigue, headache, muscle and joint aches in large joints, sore throat, sinus infection Treatment:no vaccine; antibiotics must be given ASAP Prevention: don't get bit |
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difference between East coast and West coast Lyme disease?
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East coast: high incedents of infection in mammels
West coast: effects lizards |
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Vibrio cholerae
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Disease: Rice water stools
Organism:Vibrio cholerae S/S: loss of fluids and electrolites (dysentary) 3-5 gls/day Treatment: tetracycline; fluid/electrolite replacement, vacine available (not in U.S.) SHORT LIVED Prevention: fecal oral contamination - also in some shellfish |
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Helicobacter pylori
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Disease: gastric ulcers
Organism:Helicobacter pylori S/S: GERD Treatment:prevpak; prevacid & amoxicillin or triple-therapy (amoxicillin, clarithromycin and a proton pump inhibitor such as omeprazole). Prevention:bacteria have been isolated from feces, saliva and dental plaque of infected patients, which suggests gastro-oral or fecal-oral as possible transmission routes. |
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describe shape of
Salmonella |
rod-shaped Gram-negative enterobacteria that causes typhoid fever, paratyphoid fever and foodborne illness.
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describe shape of
Yersinia pestis |
a Gram-negative bacterium belonging to the family Enterobacteriaceae.
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describe shape of
Shigella dysenteriae |
rod-shaped bacterial genus Shigella. They are normal inhabitants of the human gastro-intestinal tract and can cause shigellosis (bacillary dysentery). Shigellae are Gram-negative, non-spore-forming, facultatively anaerobic, non-motile bacteria
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describe shape of
Haemophilus influenzae |
non-motile Gram-negative coccobacillus
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describe shape of
Bordetella pertussis |
small, Gram-negative, aerobic coccobacilli
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describe shape of
Pseudomonas aeruginosa |
Gram-negative, aerobic bacilli measuring 0.5 to 0.8, μm by 1.5 to 3.0 μm. Motility is by a single polar flagellum.
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describe shape of
Mycoplasma pneumonae |
Gram-positive bacteria and are fried-egg-shaped colonies on agar
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describe shape of
Rickettsia Rickettsae and/or Rickettsia prowazekii |
small, Gram-negative bacilli that are obligate intracellular parasites
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describe of
Chlamydia trachomatis |
obligate intracellular bacteria
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describe shape of
syphilis treponema |
helically coiled, corkscrew-shaped cells
spirocete |
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describe shape of
Vibrio cholerae |
cholera vibrios are Gram-negative, slightly curved rods whose motility depends on a single polar flagellum
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describe
Borrelia burgdorferi |
Lyme disease,
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Helicobacter pylori
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Gram-negative microaerophilic,human gastrointestinal pathogens,diarrheal illnesses, systemic infection, chronic superficial gastritis, peptic ulcer disease, and can lead to gastric carcinoma.
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4 stages of syphilis
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1) Incubation Stage: 2 weeks, organism multiply and spread through body
2) Primary Stage: initial genital tract lesion 3) Secondary Stage: skin rash, fever; last couple of weeks. disseminated lesions 4) Tertiary Stage:in approximately one-third of untreated individuals, cardiovascular and neurological problems |
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what is
Gummas |
soft, non-cancerous growth resulting from the tertiary stage of syphilis. gummas eventually undergo fibrous degeneration, leaving behind an irregular scar or a round, fibrous nodule.
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what is Chancre:
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painless ulceration formed during the primary stage of syphilis. transmit the sexually transmissible disease of syphilis through direct physical contact
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