Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
82 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Disease causing micro-organisms are called |
Pathogen |
|
The microorganisms that recycle nutrients by breaking down dead matter and wastes |
Decomposers |
|
microorganisms that do not have a nucleus in their cell |
Prokaryotes |
|
When humans manipulate the genes of microorganisms the process is called |
Genetic engineering |
|
Which of the following is not considered microorganisms |
Organisms that canbe seen with the naked eye |
|
All organisms are best defined as organisms that |
Are too small to be seen with the unaided eye |
|
Which of the following is a unique characteristic of viruses that distinguishes them from the other major groups of microorganisms |
Lack of cell structure |
|
The Dutch Merchant who made and used quality magnifying lenses to see record microorganisms |
Antonie van Leewenhoek |
|
Pasture use swan neck flask in his experiments to prove that |
There are microbes in the air and living things do not arise from none living things |
|
What is not a process in the scientific method |
belief in perceived ideas |
|
Spontaneous generation is the belief that |
Living things can arise from nonliving things |
|
Koch's postulates are criteria used to establish |
The causative agent of an infectious disease |
|
Which of the following is a taxon that contains all other taxa |
Kingdom |
|
The smallest and most significant taxon |
Species |
|
A scientist discovers a new microbial species it is a single-celled eukaryote without cell walls in which kingdom will it likely be classified |
Protista |
|
Heliminths |
Parasitic worms |
|
Organisms called parasites are |
Always harmful to their host |
|
The surgeon who advocated using disinfectants on hands and in the air prior to surgery |
Joseph Lister |
|
Scientist that showed anthrax is caused by the bacterium Bacillus anthracis |
Robert Koch |
|
Select the correct descending taxonomic hierarchy |
Domain, kingdom, phylum, division, class, order, family, genus, species |
|
When assigning a scientific name to an organism |
Both genus and species are underlined or italicized and the genus is capitalized |
|
In Whitaker's system the protozoa and algae are classified in the Kingdom |
Protista |
|
Which of the following is the main decomposers of the Earth |
Bacteria and fungi |
|
The most common infectious cause of death worldwide |
HIV / AIDS |
|
Which of the following diseases is transmitted by mosquitoes |
Malaria, zika virus, dengue fever |
|
Which is not a characteristic of prokaryotes |
They have organelles |
|
The scientist that discovered heat resistant bacterial spores |
Ferdinand Cohn |
|
Anything that occupies space and has mass |
Matter |
|
Electrons of an atom are |
Negative, orbit the atom's nucleus, have no mass, involved in bonds |
|
The subatomic particles that surround the nucleus |
Electrons |
|
Isotopes are atoms of the same element that differ in their |
Neutrons |
|
The maximum number of electrons in second energy shell of an atom |
8 electrons |
|
Two or more atoms bonded together |
Molecule |
|
Reactions involving electron release |
Oxidation reaction |
|
When two or more atoms, ions, or molecules combine to form new and larger molecules |
Synthesis reaction (A + B》AB) |
|
A solvent associate with living organisms |
Water |
|
A solution of pH 7 compared to a solution of pH 9 is |
Acidic |
|
The building blocks of an enzyme are |
Amino acids |
|
Components of a nucleotide |
Nitrogen base, pentose sugar, phosphate group |
|
Pertains to DNA but not RNA |
Thymine and deoxyribose |
|
Pertains to RNA but not DNA |
Uracil and ribose |
|
The principal energy carrying molecule of all cells |
Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) |
|
Amino acid that contains sulfur atoms that form covalent disulfide bonds in the tertiary structure of proteins |
Cysteine |
|
The atomic number equals the number of |
Protons |
|
The neutral particle of an atom |
Neutrons |
|
A chemical reaction that has both synthesis and decomposition components |
Exchange reaction (AB + CD 》 AD + BC) |
|
Carbohydrates found in dairy products |
Lactose |
|
A chemical bond linking amino acids together |
Peptide bond |
|
Molecules that do not like water |
Hydrophobic |
|
Protein structure that contains both Alpha Helix and beta pleated sheets |
Secondary structure |
|
What are the five I's |
Inoculation, incubation, isolation, inspection, identification |
|
What is not a type of microbiological media |
Petri dish |
|
The purposeful addition to microorganisms into the laboratory nutrient medium |
Inoculation |
|
Essential for development of discrete isolated colonies |
Solid medium |
|
A pure culture contains |
One species of microorganism |
|
A microbiologist inoculates staphylococcus epidermidis and E coli into a culture medium. Following incubation only E coli grows in the culture. What is the most likely explanation? |
The culture medium is selective |
|
A method which often results in colonies developing down through the agar and some colonies on the surface |
Pour plate |
|
A common medium used for growing fastidious bacteria |
Blood agar |
|
A type of medium which is able to distinguish species or types of microorganisms based on the observable change in colonies or in the medium |
Differential medium |
|
Mannitol salt agar is selective for |
Staphylococcus |
|
A microbiologist must culture a patient's feces from intestinal pathogens. Which of the following would likely be present selective media for analyzing this fecal specimen? |
Bile salts |
|
The microscopes ability to show two separate entities as separate and distinct |
Resolving power |
|
Magnification of objective lens times magnification of ocular lens |
Total magnification |
|
The wavelength of light used plus the numerical aperture governs |
Resolution |
|
Microscope in which you would see brightly illuminated specimens against a black background |
Dark field microscopy |
|
Microscope that does not use light in forming the specimens image |
Electron microscopy |
|
Microscope that has the greatest resolution and highest magnification |
Electron microscopy |
|
Microscope that is most widely used to shows staines against a bright background |
Bright-field microscopy |
|
Specimen preparation that is best for viewing cell motility |
Hanging drop |
|
The primary purpose of staining cells on a microscope slide |
To add contrast in order to see them better |
|
Gram stain, acid fast stain, endospore stain are |
Differential stains; outcome based on cell wall differences |
|
A method of staining microorganisms with a single basic dye |
Simple stain |
|
Brain heart infusion, trypticase agar (TSA) and nutrient agar are all examples of which type of media |
Non-synthetic media |
|
Bacteria that require special growth factors and complex organic substances |
Fastidious |
|
A media designed to allow only staphylococci to grow. In addition to staphylococcus aureus colonies to have yellow halo around them and other staphylococci to appear white |
Selective/ differential media |
|
A media that is not used as food or metabolized by most microbes, melts at 100 Celsius and solidifies at 42 Celsius. A polysaccharide extract of algae |
Agar |
|
Media that can be used to determine if a bacteria is motile |
SIM media |
|
Media used for cultivating fungi |
Sabouraud's agar |
|
A chemical reaction in which bonds are broken to produce smaller parts from large molecules (AB 》 A +B) |
Decomposition reaction |
|
What is the mordant that reacts with crystal violet? |
Iodine |
|
Has the same Optical qualities as glass and thus prevents refractive loss of light as it passes from the slide to the objective lens |
Immersion oil |
|
Observing and characterizing colonial growth for size, shape, edge, elevation, color, odor, and texture is part of |
Morphology |