Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
MASS
|
( MASS = FORCE ÷ ACCELERATION )
measure of total quantity of matter in an object. (the more mass something has the more difficult it is to change its motion) |
|
FORCE
|
is a push or pull in a single direction
* types of forces are gravity/weight, friction, tension, hydraulic pressure, torque |
|
Force
|
force = mass × acceleration
(F = M × A) { f = newtons , m = kilograms, a = meters per square unit } * this law express the relationship between the mass of a moved object or desired acceleration, with the force required to achieve movement. |
|
Friction
|
the rubbing of two objects.
2 types of friction (kinetic & static) total friction = weight × friction coefficient. an object at rest must experience a large enough applied force to overcome static friction |
|
Drag
|
air resistance or air friction. drag opposes movement through air and water. cross sectional area & speed affect drag.
|
|
Tension
|
internal stretch force of a material. tension is measured in N or lbs.
tension is greatest where the force is being applied |
|
Hydraulic Pressure
|
transmission of force through fluid.
( pressure = force ÷ area ) pressure is measured in psi (hydraulic force = pressure × area ) * pressure in any part of an enclosed fluid is the same and points in all directions. * applying force to one end of a hydraulic system will increase the pressure everywhere. * changing the area over which the force acts can change the strength of the force. |
|
Torque
|
how much a force is able to cause an object to rotate.
(torque = length of level arm × applied force) torque is measured in newton-meters or ft lb (foot pound) (Torque force = length of level arm ÷ torque ) |
|
mechanical Energy
|
kinetic & potential energy
|
|
Kinetic Energy
|
Energy of movement. the function of both mass & velocity.
(KE = 0.5 × mass × velocity/speed^2) mass measured in kilos, velocity measured meters per second kinetic energy is measured in joules |
|
Potential Energy
|
energy with the potential to be converted into kinetic energy.
( PE = mass × gravity × height ) mass=kilo gravity = meters per square height = meters PE = measured in joules |
|
principal of conservation of mechanical energy
|
total mechanical Energy = (PE+KE)
PE is equal to KE & KE is equal to PE. so if you can solve one you can solve the other |
|
WORK
|
( work = force × distance)
( work = Kinetic Energy ) work is when force is applied to a object work measured in joules force measured in newton's distance measured in meters |
|
POWER
|
( power = work ÷ time )
power is the rate at which work is done. power measured in watts or horsepower. (1 horsepower) =(746 watts) |
|
Simple Machines
|
the work output can never exceed the work input.
|
|
NOTES
|
1. in a gear train, torque & speed are inversely proportional
2. lifting a box to the top of a ramp & pushing a box up a ramp is the same amount of work. 3. some liquids are bad lubricants |
|
mechanical advantage
|
the amount of force is multiple by a machine
MA = load/ efforts MA = effort distance/ load distance whenever force is increased, the distance necessary will decrease. |
|
( 1st class LEVERS )
simple machines |
|
|
2nd class LEVER
|
|
|
3rd class lever
|
|
|
LAWS & FORMULAS
|
|
|
laws and formulas 2
|
|
|
Water Pressure
|
* total flow through a pipe is the same everywhere.
* when liquid speeds up, pressure falls * when liquid slows down, pressure rises |