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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
electromagnetic radiation
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The form of energy given off by the Sun
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radiant energy
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Another term for the form of energy given off by the Sun
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electromagnetic spectrum
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Comprised of all wavelengths of electromagnetic radiation
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visible light
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Wavelengths of radiation to which the human eye is sensitive
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ultraviolet (UV) radiation
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Wavelengths of radiation just shorter than the human eye can sense
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infrared (IR) radiation
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Wavelengths of radiation just longer than the human eye can sense (Ranges from short near infrared wavelengths emitted by the Sun, to much longer thermal infrared wavelengths emitted by Earth)
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thermal infrared
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Longer wavelength infrared radiation emitted by Earth
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shortwave radiation
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Consists of visible light, ultraviolet radiation and short infrared radiation
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terrestrial radiation
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Radiation emitted by Earth
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longwave radiation
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Lies entirely in the thermal infrared portion of the spectrum
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insolation
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INcoming SOLar radiATION
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radiation (or emission)
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The process by which electromagnetic energy is emitted from an object
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(blackbody radiator)
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A body that emits the maximum possible amount of radiation at all wavelengths
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absorption
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The process by which electromagnetic waves striking an object are assimilated by that object
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reflection
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The ability of an object to repel electromagnetic waves without altering either the object or the waves
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scattering
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A type of reflection where gas molecules and particulate matter in the air can deflect light waves and redirect them
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transmission
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The process whereby electromagnetic waves pass through a medium
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greenhouse effect (or "atmospheric affect")
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The retention of heat in the lower troposphere because of differential transmissivity for the shortwaves and longwaves
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greenhouse gases
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A number of gases in the atmosphere that readily transmit incoming shortwave radiation from the Sun but do not easily transmit outgoing longwave terrestrial radiation (primarily water vapor and carbon dioxide)
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conduction
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The movement of heat energy from one molecule to another without changes to their relative positions
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convection
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The process by which heath is transferred from one point to another by the predominately vertical circulation of a fluid such as air of water
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convection cell
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A convective circulation system
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advection
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When the dominant direction of heat transfer in a moving fluid is horizontal
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("adiabatic")
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"Without the gain of loss of heat"
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adiabatic cooling
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Cooling by expansion
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adiabatic warming
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Warming by compression
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latent heat
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Latent: "lying hidden"
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evaporation
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The phase change in which liquid water is converted to gaseous water vapor (A cooling process - storing latent heat energy)
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condensation
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The phase change in which gaseous water vapor is converted to liquid water (A warming process - releasing latent heat energy)
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albedo
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The reflectivity of an object; the higher the albedo value, the more radiation the object reflects
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