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254 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
rectus femoris origin
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straight head: from the AIIS
reflected head: from the groove above the rim of the acetabulum |
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rectus femoris insertion
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proximal border of the patella and through patellar ligament to the tibial tuberosity
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rectus femoris actions
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knee extension and assists iliopsoas to flex the thigh
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rectus femoris peripheral innervation
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femoral nerve
|
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rectus femoris segmental innervation
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L2, L3, and L4
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vastus medialis origin
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distal 1/2 of the intertrochanteric line, medial lip of the linea aspera, proximal part of the medial supracondylar line, tendons of adductor longus and adductor magnus, and medial intermuscular septum
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vastus medialis insertion
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proximal border of patella and through patellar ligament to the tibial tuberosity
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vastus medialis action
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knee extension
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vastus medialis peripheral innervation
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femoral nerve
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vastus medialis segmental innervation
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L2, L3, and L4
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vastus lateralis origin
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proximal part of the intertrochanteric line, anterior and inferior borders of the greater trochanter, lateral lip of the gluteal tuberosity, proximal 1/2 of lateral lip of linea aspera, and lateral intermuscular septum
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vastus lateralis insertion
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proximal border of patella and through patellar ligament to tibial tuberosity
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vastus lateralis action
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knee extension
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vastus lateralis peripheral innervation
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femoral nerve
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vastus lateralis segmental innervation
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L2, L3, and L4
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vastus intermedius origin
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anterior and lateral surfaces of proximal 2/3 of body of femur, distal 1/2 of linea aspera, and lateral intermuscular septum
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vastus intermedius insertion
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proximal border of patella and through patellar ligament to the tibial tuberosity
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vastus intermedius action
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knee extension
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vastus intermedius peripheral innervation
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femoral nerve
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vastus intermedius segmental innervation
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L2, L3, and L4
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sartorius origin
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ASIS and superior 1/2 of notch just distal to the spine
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sartorius insertion
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proximal point of the medial surface of the tibia near the anterior border
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sartorius actions
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hip flexion, hip abduction, hip lateral rotation, knee flexion and assists in knee medial rotation
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sartorius peripheral innervation
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femoral nerve
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sartorius segmental innervation
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L2, L3, and (L4)
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tensor fascia latae origin
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anterior part of the external lip of iliac crest, outer surface of the ASIS, and deep surface of the fascia lata
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tensor fascia latae insertion
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into the IT tract of fascia lata at junction of the proximal and middle thirds of the thigh
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tensor fascia latae actions
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hip abduction, medial rotation, and hip flexion; assists with knee extension and tenses the fascia lata
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tensor fascia latae peripheral inervation
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superior gluteal nerve
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tensor fascia latae segmental innervation
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L4, L5, and S1
|
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iliopsoas origin
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Psoas major: ventral surface of the transverse processes of all lumbar vertebrae, sides of the bodies and corresponding intervertebral discs of last thoracic and all lumbar vertebrae and membranous arches that extend over the sides of bodies of lumbar vertebrae
Iliacus: Superior 2/3 of iliac fossa, internal lip of iliac crest, iliolumbar and ventral SI ligaments and sacral ala |
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iliopsoas insertion
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lesser trochanter of the femur
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iliopsoas actions
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hip flexion, assists in hip lateral rotation and abduction
with insertion fixed: bilaterally flexes the trunk on the femurs and increases lumbar lordosis, unilaterally assists in lateral flexion of the trunk to the same side; if the trunk is stable, it contributes to anterior shear of the lumbar spine |
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iliopsoas peripheral innervation
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Psoas major: anterior rami of the lumbar spinal nerves 1, 2, and 3
iliacus: femoral nerve |
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iliopsoas segmental innervation
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L(1), 2, 3, (4)
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pectineus origin
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surface of the superior ramus of the pubis ventral to the pectin between the iliopectineal eminence and the pubic tubercle
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pectineus insertion
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pectineal line of the femur
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pectineus actions
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hip adduction and hip flexion
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pectineus peripheral innervation
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femoral nerve, accessory obturator
|
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pectineus segmental innervation
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L2, 3, (4)
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adductor longus origin
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anterior surface of the pubis at the intersection of the crest and symphysis
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adductor longus insertion
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middle 1/3 of medial lip of the linea aspera
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adductor longus actions
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hip adduction and hip flexion
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adductor longus peripheral innervation
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obturator nerve
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adductor longus segmental innervation
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L2, 3, (4)
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adductor brevis origin
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outer surface of the inferior ramus of the pubis
|
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adductor brevis insertion
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distal 2/3 of the pectineal line and proximal 1/2 of the medial lip of the linea aspera
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adductor brevis actions
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hip adduction and hip flexion
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adductor brevis peripheral innervation
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obturator nerve
|
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adductor brevis segmental innervation
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L2, L3, and L4
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adductor magnus origin
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inferior pubic ramus, ramus of the ischium (anterior fibers) and the ischial tuberosity (posterior fibers)
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adductor magnus insertion
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medial to the gluteal tuberosity, middle of the linea aspera, medial supracondylar line, and adductor tubercle of the medial condyle of the femur
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adductor magnus actions
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hip adduction, hip flexion, and hip extension
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adductor magnus peripheral innervation
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Obturator nerve and tibial division of the sciatic nerve
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adductor magnus segmental innervation
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L (2), 3, 4 (obturator)
L4, (5), (S1) (sciatic) |
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obturator externus origin
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rami of pubis and ischium, external surface of the obturator membrane
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obturator externus insertion
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trochanteric fossa of the femur
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obturator externus actions
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hip lateral rotation, assists in hip adduction
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obturator externus peripheral innervation
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obturator nerve
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obturator externus segmental innervation
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L3 and L4
|
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gracilis origin
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inferior 1/2 of the pubic symphysis and medial margin of the inferior ramus of the pubic bone
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gracilis insertion
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medial surface of the body of the tibia, distal to the condyle, proximal to the insertion of the semitendinosus, and lateral to the insertion of the sartorius
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gracilis actions
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hip adduction, assists in knee medial rotation and knee flexion
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gracilis peripheral innervation
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obturator nerve
|
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gracilis segmental innervation
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L2, L3, and L4
|
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gluteus maximus origin
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posterior gluteal line of ilium and portion of bone superior and posterior to it, posterior surface of lower part of sacrum, side of coccyx, aponeurosis of erector spinae, sacrotuberous ligament, and gluteal aponeurosis
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gluteus maximus insertion
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larger proximal part and superficial fibers of distal portion insert into the IT tract of the fascia lata; deep fibers of distal part insert into the gluteal tuberosity of the femur
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gluteus maximus actions
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hip extension, hip lateral rotation
lower fibers: assist in hip adduction upper fibers: assist in abduction and stabilizing the knee in extension through the IT band insertion |
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gluteus maximus peripheral innervation
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inferior gluteal nerve
|
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gluteus maximus segmental innervation
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L5, S1, and S2
|
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gluteus medius origin
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external surface of the ilium between the iliac crest and posterior gluteal line dorsally, and anterior gluteal line ventrally, gluteal aponeurosis
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gluteus medius insertion
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oblique ridge of lateral surface of the greater trochanter of the femur
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gluteus medius actions
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hip abduction, anterior fibers: hip medial rotation and assist with hip flexion; posterior fibers: hip lateral rotation and assist with hip extension
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gluteus medius segmental innervation
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L4, L5, and S1
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gluteus minimus origin
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external surface of the ilium between the anterior and inferior gluteal line, and margin of greater sciatic notch
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gluteus minimus insertion
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anterior border of the greater trochanter, hip joint capsule
|
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gluteus minimus actions
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hip abduction, medial rotation, and assists with hip flexion
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gluteus medius peripheral innervation
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superior gluteal
|
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gluteus minimus peripheral innervation
|
superior gluteal
|
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gluteus minimus segmental innervation
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L4, L5, and S1
|
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piriformis origin
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surface of the sacrum between 1,2,3, and 4 pelvic sacrum foramina, margin of the greater sciatic foramen, and pelvic surface of sacrotuberous ligament
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piriformis insertion
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superior border of greater trochanter
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piriformis actions
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laterally rotates the extended hip, flexes the abducted hip, assist in hip extension and stabilizes the femoral head in the acetabulum
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piriformis peripheral innervation
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nerve to piriformis
|
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piriformis segmental innervation
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L(5), S1, and S2
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superior gemelli origin
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external surface of the ischial spine
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superior gemelli insertion
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with tendon of obturator internus into the medial surface of the greater trochanter
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superior gemelli actions
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laterally rotates the extended hip, abducts the flexed hip, stabilizes the femoral head in the acetabulum
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superior gemelli peripheral innervation
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nerve to obturator internus and superior gemelli
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superior gemelli segmental innervation
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L5, S1, and S2
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inferior gemelli origin
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proximal part of the tuberosity of the ischium
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inferior gemelli insertion
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with tendon of obturator internus into the medial surface of the greater trochanter
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inferior gemelli action
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laterally rotates the extended hip, abducts the flexed hip, and stabilizes the femoral head in the acetabulum
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inferior gemelli peripheral innervation
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nerve to quadratus femoris and inferior gemelli
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inferior gemelli segmental innervation
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L4, L5, S1, and (S2)
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obturator internus origin
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internal/pelvic surface of the obturator membrane and margin of the obturator foramen, pelvic surface of the ischium, posterior and proximal to obturator foramen, and to slight extent from the obturator fascia
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obturator internus insertion
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medial surface of the greater trochanter
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obturator internus actions
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laterally rotates the extended hip, abducts the flexed hip, and stabilizes the femoral head in the acetabulum
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obturator internus peripheral innervation
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nerve to the obturator internus and the superior gemelli
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obturator internus segmental innervation
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L5, S1, and S2
|
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quadratus femoris origin
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proximal part of the lateral border of the ischial tuberosity
|
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quadratus femoris insertion
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proximal part of the quadrate line extending distally from the intertrochanteric crest
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quadratus femoris actions
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laterally rotates the extended hip, abducts the flexed hip, and stabilizes the femoral head in the acetabulum
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quadratus femoris peripheral innervation
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nerve to the quadratus femoris and the inferior gemelli
|
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quadratus femoris segmental innervation
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L4, L5, S1, (S2)
|
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biceps femoris long head origin
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distal part of the sacrotuberous ligament, posterior part of the ischial tuberosity
|
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biceps femoris long head insertion
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lateral side of the fibular head, lateral condyle of the tibia, deep fascia and lateral side of the leg
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biceps femoris long head actions
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knee flexion and knee lateral rotation, hip extension, assists in hip lateral rotation
|
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biceps femoris long head peripheral innervation
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tibial nerve
|
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biceps femoris long head segmental innervation
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(L5), S1, S2, (S3)
|
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biceps femoris short head origin
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lateral lip of linea aspera, proximal 2/3 of supracondylar line, and lateral intermuscular septum
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biceps femoris short head insertion
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lateral side of the fibular head, lateral tibial condyle, deep fascia on the lateral side of the leg
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biceps femoris short head action
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knee flexion and lateral rotation
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biceps femoris short head peripheral innervation
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common peroneal
|
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biceps femoris short head segmental innervation
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L5, S1, S2
|
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semitendinosus origin
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ischial tuberosity by tendon common with long head of the biceps femoris
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semitendinosus insertion
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proximal part of the medial surface of the body of tibia, deep fascia of the leg
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semitendinosus action
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knee flexion and knee medial rotation, hip extension, and assist in hip medial rotation
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semitendinosus peripheral innervation
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tibial
|
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semitendinosus segmental innervation
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(L4), L5, S1, S2
|
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semimembranosus origin
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ischial tuberosity, proximal and lateral to biceps femoris and semitendinosus
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semimembranosus insertion
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posteromedial aspect of the medial condyle of the tibia
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semimembranosus actions
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knee flexion and knee medial rotation, hip extension, and assist in hip medial rotation
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semimembranosus peripheral innervation
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tibial
|
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semimembranosus segmental innervation
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(L4), L5, S1, (S2)
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gastrocnemius medial head origin
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medial head: proximal and posterior part of medial condyle and adjacent part of femur, capsule of knee joint
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gastrocnemius medial head insertion
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middle part of posterior surface of calcaneus
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gastrocnemius medial head actions
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talocrural plantar flexion, assists in knee flexion, subtalar joint inversion (supination)
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gastrocnemius medial head peripheral innervation
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tibial
|
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gastrocnemius medial head segmental innervation
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S1, S2
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gastrocnemius lateral head origin
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lateral condyle and posterior surface of femur, capsule of knee
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gastrocnemius lateral head insertion
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middle part of posterior surface of calcaneus
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gastrocnemius lateral head actions
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talocrural plantar flexion and assists in knee flexion
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gastrocnemius lateral head peripheral innervation
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tibial
|
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gastrocnemius lateral head segmental innervation
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S1, S2
|
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soleus origin
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posterior surfaces of the head of the fibula and proximal 1/3 of its body, soleal line, and middle 1/3 of medial border of tibia, and tendinous arch between tibia and fibula
|
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soleus insertion
|
posterior part of calcaneus
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soleus action
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talocrural plantar flexion and subtalar joint inversion (supination)
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soleus peripheral innervation
|
tibial
|
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soleus segmental innervation
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(L5), S1, S2
|
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flexor hallucis longus origin
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posterior surface of distal 2/3 of fibula, interosseous membrane, and adjacent intermuscular septa and fascia
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flexor hallucis longus insertion
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base of distal phalanx of great toe, plantar surface
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flexor hallucis longus actions
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great toe IP flexion, assists in MTP flexion, ankle plantarflexion, and foot inversion
|
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flexor hallucis longus peripheral innervation
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tibial
|
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flexor hallucis longus segmental innervation
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L5, S1, S2
|
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flexor digitorum longus origin
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middle 3/5 of posterior surface of body of tibia and from fascia covering the posterior tibialis
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flexor digitorum longus insertion
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bases of distal phalanges of 2-5th digits
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flexor digitorum longus actions
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proximal and distal IP and MP flexion of 2-5 digits, assists in plantar flexion of ankle and inversion of foot
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flexor digitorum longus peripheral innervation
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tibial
|
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flexor digitorum longus segmental innervation
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L5, S1, (S2)
|
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tibialis posterior origin
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most of interosseous membrane, lateral portion of posterior surface of tibia, proximal 2/3 of medial surface of fibula, adjacent intermuscular septa, and deep fascia
|
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tibialis posterior insertion
|
tuberosity of navicular bone and by fibrous expansions to the sustentaculum tali, 3 cuneiforms, cuboid, and bases of 2,3,4th metatarsal bones
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tibialis posterior actions
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inversion and assists in ankle plantar flexion
|
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tibialis posterior peripheral innervation
|
tibial
|
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tibialis posterior segmental innervation
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(L4), L5, S1
|
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extensor hallucis longus origin
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middle 2 quarters of anterior surface of fibula and adjacent interosseous membrane
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extensor hallucis longus insertion
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base of distal phalanx of great toe
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extensor hallucis longus actions
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great toe IP and MTP extension; assists in inversion of the foot and ankle dorsiflexion
|
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extensor hallucis longus peripheral innervation
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deep peroneal (fibular)
|
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extensor hallucis longus segmental innervation
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(L4), L5, S1
|
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extensor digitorum brevis origin
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distal part of the superior and lateral surfaces of calcaneus, lateral talocalcaneal ligament, and apex of inferior extensor retinaculum
|
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extensor digitorum brevis insertion
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by 4 tendons to 1-4th digits (most medial slip inserts into dorsal surface of base of proximal phalanx of great toe, other 3 tendons join lateral sides of the tendons of the extensor digitorum longus to 2,3,4th digits)
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extensor digitorum brevis actions
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extension of MTP of 1-4th digits, and assist in extension of IP joints 2-4
|
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extensor digitorum brevis peripheral innervation
|
deep peroneal (fibular)
|
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extensor digitorum brevis segmental innervation
|
(L4), L5, S1
|
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tibialis anterior origin
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lateral condyle and proximal 1/2 of lateral surface of the tibia, interosseous membrane, deep fascia, and lateral intermuscular septa
|
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tibialis anterior insertion
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medial and plantar surface of the medial cuneiform, base of the 1st metatarsal bone
|
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tibialis anterior actions
|
ankle dorsiflexion and assists in inversion
|
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tibialis anterior peripheral innervation
|
deep peroneal (fibular)
|
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tibialis anterior segmental innervation
|
L4, L5, (S1)
|
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extensor digitorum longus origin
|
lateral condyle of the tibia, proximal 3/4 of anterior surface of body of fibula, proximal part of interosseous membrane, adjacent intermuscular septa, and deep fascia
|
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extensor digitorum longus insertion
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by 4 tendons to the 2-5th toes, each tendon forms an expansion on the dorsal surface of the toe, and divides into an intermediate slip attached to the base of middle phalanx and into 2 lateral slips attaches to bases of distal phalanx
|
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extensor digitorum longus actions
|
extends the MTP joints, assists in extension of IP 2-5th, dorsiflexion, and eversion
|
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extensor digitorum longus peripheral innervation
|
deep peroneal (fibular)
|
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extensor digitorum longus segmental innervation
|
L4, L5, S1
|
|
fibularis (peroneus) tertius origin
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distal 1/3 of anterior surface of fibula, interosseous membrane, and adjacent intermuscular septa
|
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fibularis (peroneus) tertius insertion
|
dorsal surface, base of 5th metatarsal
|
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fibularis (peroneus) tertius actions
|
ankle dorsiflexion and foot eversion
|
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fibularis (peroneus) tertius peripheral innervation
|
deep peroneal (fibular)
|
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fibularis (peroneus) tertius segmental innervation
|
L4, L5, S1
|
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extensor hallucis brevis origin
|
distal part of superior and lateral surfaces of the calcaneus, lateral talocalcaneal ligament, and apex of inferior extensor retinaculum
|
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extensor hallucis brevis insertion
|
dorsal surface of base of the proximal phalanx of the great toe
|
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extensor hallucis brevis action
|
great toe MTP extension
|
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extensor hallucis brevis peripheral innervation
|
deep peroneal (fibular)
|
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extensor hallucis brevis segmental innervation
|
(L4), L5, S1
|
|
abductor hallucis origin
|
medial process of tuberosity of calcaneus, flexor retinaculum, plantar aponeurosis, and adjacent intermuscular septum
|
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abductor hallucis insertion
|
medial side of base of proximal phalanx of great toe (some fibers are attached to medial sesamoid bone, and a tendinous slip may extend to the base of the proximal phalanx of the great toe)
|
|
abductor hallucis actions
|
abduction of the MTP of the great toe, assist in MTP flexion and assists in forefoot adduction
|
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abductor hallucis peripheral innervation
|
medial plantar
|
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abductor hallucis segmental innervation
|
(L4), L5, S1
|
|
fibularis longus origin
|
lateral tibial condyle, head and proximal 2/3 of lateral surface of fibula, intermuscular septa, and adjacent deep fascia
|
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fibularis longus insertion
|
lateral side of base of 1st metatarsal and of medial cuneiform bone
|
|
fibularis longus actions
|
eversion, assists in plantar flexion and depresses the first metatarsal head
|
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fibularis longus peripheral innervation
|
superficial fibular
|
|
fibularis longus segmental innervation
|
(L4), L5, S1
|
|
fibularis brevis origin
|
distal 2/3 of lateral surface of fibula and adjacent intermuscular septa
|
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fibularis brevis insertion
|
tuberosity at base of 5th metatarsal bone, lateral side
|
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fibularis brevis action
|
eversion, assists in plantar flexion
|
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fibularis brevis peripheral innervation
|
superficial fibular
|
|
fibularis brevis segmental innervation
|
(L4), L5, S1
|
|
flexor digitorum brevis origin
|
medial process of tuberosity of calcaneus, central part of plantar aponeurosis, and adjacent intermuscular septa
|
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flexor digitorum brevis insertion
|
middle phalanx of 2-5th digits
|
|
flexor digitorum brevis action
|
PIP flexion and assists in flexion of 2-5th MTP
|
|
flexor digitorum brevis peripheral innervation
|
medial plantar
|
|
flexor digitorum brevis segmental innervation
|
(L4), L5, S1
|
|
lumbricals origin
|
1st from medial side of 1st FDL tendon, 2nd from adjacent sides of 1st and 2nd FDL tendons, 3rd FDL tendons, 4th from adjacent sides of 3rd and 4th FDL tendons
|
|
lumbricals insertions
|
medial side of proximal phalanx and dorsal expansion of EDL tendon of 2-5th digits
|
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lumbricals actions
|
MTP flexion, assists in IP 2-5th extension
|
|
lumbricals peripheral innervation
|
medial plantar nerve (I), 2-4 lateral plantar nerve
|
|
lumbricals segmental innervation
|
1-(L4), L5, S1
2-4: (L4), (L5), S1, S2 |
|
flexor hallucis brevis origin
|
medial part of plantar surface of cuboid bone, adjacent part of lateral cuneiform bone, and from prolongation of tendon of posterior tibialis
|
|
flexor hallucis brevis insertion
|
medial and lateral sides of bases of proximal phalanx of great toe
|
|
flexor hallucis brevis action
|
flexion of MTP of great toe
|
|
flexor hallucis brevis peripheral innervation
|
medial plantar
|
|
flexor hallucis brevis segmental innervation
|
(L4), L5, S1
|
|
plantaris origin
|
distal part of lateral supracondylar line of femur and adjacent part of its popliteal surface, oblique popliteal ligament of knee joint
|
|
plantaris insertion
|
posterior part of calcaneus
|
|
plantaris actions
|
plantar flexion
assists in knee flexion |
|
plantaris peripheral innervation
|
tibial nerve
|
|
plantaris segmental innervation
|
L(4), 5, S1, (S2)
|
|
popliteus origin
|
anterior part of groove on lateral condyle of femur, and oblique popliteal ligament of knee joint
|
|
popliteus insertion
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triangular area proximal to soleal line on posterior surface of tibia, and fascia covering the muscle
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popliteus actions
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NWB: medial rotation of tibia on femur, knee flexion
WB: lateral rotation femur n tibia and knee flexion helps reinforce posterior ligament of knee joint |
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popliteus peripheral innervation
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tibial nerve
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popliteus segmental innervation
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L(4), 5, S1
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adductor hallucis origin
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oblique head: from bases of 2-4th MT bones and sheath of fibularis longus tendon
transverse head: from plantar MTP ligaments of 3-5th digits and deep transverse ligaments |
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adductor hallucis insertion
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lateral side of base of proximal phalanx of great toe
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adductor hallucis actions
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adduction, assists in flexion of MTP of great toe
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adductor hallucis peripheral innervation
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lateral plantar
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adductor hallucis segmental innervation
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S1, S2
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abductor digiti minimi origin
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both processes of the calcaneal tuberosity from the plantar surface of the bone between them, from the plantar aponeurosis, a bone from the intermuscular septum between the ADM and FDB
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abductor digiti minimi insertion
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smooth groove on plantar surface of the base of 5th MT hand is attached with the FDMB to the lateral side of the base of the proximal phalanx of the 5th toe
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abductor digiti minimi action
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flexes the 5th toe
assists with abduction |
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abductor digiti minimi peripheral innervation
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lateral plantar
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abductor digiti minimi segmental innervation
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S1, S2
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plantar interossei origin
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bases and medial sides of bodies of 3-5th MT bones
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plantar interossei insertion
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medial sides of bases of proximal phalanges of same digit
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plantar interossei actions
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ADducts the 3-5th digits toward axial line through the 2nd digit
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plantar interossei peripheral innervation
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lateral plantar
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plantar interossei segmental innervation
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S1, S2
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dorsal interossei origin
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each by 2 heads from adjacent sides of the MT bones
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dorsal interossei insertion
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side of proximal phalanx and capsule of 1st MTP joint to medial side of 2nd digit, other three to lateral sides of 2-4th digits
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dorsal interossei actions
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Abduct 2-4th digits from axial line through 2nd digit
assists in MTP flexion and extension of 2-4th digits |
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dorsal interossei peripheral innervation
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lateral plantar
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dorsal interossei segmental innervation
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S1, S2
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flexor digiti minimi brevis origin
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medial part of the plantar surface of the base of the 5th MT bone and from the sheath of the fibularis longus
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flexor digiti minimi brevis insertion
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distal tendon with inserts into the lateral side of the base of the proximal phalanx of the minimus
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flexor digiti minimi brevis peripheral innervation
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lateral plantar
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flexor digiti minimi brevis segmental innervation
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L4, L5, S1, S2, S3
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quadratus plantae origin
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medial head: medial surface of calcaneus, and medial border of long plantar ligament
lateral head: lateral border of plantar surface of calcaneus, and lateral border of long plantar ligament |
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quadratus plantae insertion
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lateral margin and dorsal and plantar surfaces of tendon of flexor digitorum longus
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quadratus plantae action
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modifies line of pull of the flexor digitorum longus tendons, and assists in flexion of 2-5th digits
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quadratus plantae peripheral innervation
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lateral plantar
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quadratus plantae segmental innervation
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S1, S2
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