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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
In a small group of animals, the only individual with a particular allele is killed in an accident; this is an example of ________. |
genetic drift |
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We are sending a small number of dogs to colonize a new planet. Through a random selection process, we end up only with dachshunds and chihuahuas. The subsequent colony of dogs are all small with short legs. This is an example of |
adaptive radiation |
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In the Hardy-Weinberg equation, p2 is the: |
frequency of homozygous dominant individuals |
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The contribution an individual makes to the gene pool of the next generation relative to the contributions of other individuals is called |
relative fitness |
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Genetic drift will have a progressively larger impact on allele frequencies in a population as |
population size decreases |
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The agents of microevolutionary change are |
natural selection genetic drift gene flow mutation |
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If there are two alleles for a gene in a population, and the frequency of the dominant allele (p) is .5, then the frequency of the recessive allele (q) is |
0.5 |
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Inheritability of phenotypic variation |
Only genetically-based variation is subject to evolutionary change. |
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Natural selection results in |
adaptation |
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Because of fluctuations in the environment, such as depletion of food supply or an outbreak of disease, a population may periodically experience a rapid and marked decrease in number of individuals, leading to a form of genetic drift called |
a genetic bottleneck |
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processes that will disrupt Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium are |
natural selection migration non-random mating genetic drift |
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In pea plants, if the allele frequency for purple flowers is 0.6 what is the allele frequency for white flowers? (Assume two alleles only.) |
0.4 |
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Evolution can be said to have taken place when |
a population experiences a shift in allele frequencies. |
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The Hardy-Weinberg formula is valuable for the calculation of changes in |
allele frequencies |
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Directional selection favors |
phenotypes at one end of the distribution |
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what will disrupt Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium the least? |
stabilizing selection |
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Inbreeding is due primarily to |
non-random mating. |
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In a colony of 100 guinea pigs, 16 show the recessive trait of bristly hair. What is the percentage of heterozygotes in the population? |
48 percent |
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In frequency-dependent selection, highest mortality can be expected in |
the most abundant genotype. |
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Adaptive evolution is constrained because natural selection acts on ________. |
existing genetic variation plus new mutations |
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Sometimes the most abundant color form of an animal is preyed upon more extensively than less common forms. This illustrates the phenomenon of |
frequency dependent selection |
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Natural selection acting on a population may NOT favor |
obligate asexually reproducing organisms |
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What is the correct expression of the Hardy-Weinberg equation? |
p2 + 2pq + q2 = 1 |
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n the Hardy-Weinberg equation "2pq" represents |
the heterozygous genotypes |
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People with the disease known as sickle-cell anemia are often better able to survive malaria because of |
heterozygote advantage |