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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
river
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large stream that flows across a flood plain
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stalagmite
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a cone-shaped deposit of calcite that builds up on the floor of a cave
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potential energy
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stored; water at the top of a slope
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increasing slope
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increases the power of the river to cause erosion
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tributary
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a stream or river that runs into another stream or river
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meanders
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a river flowing across a wide flood plain begins to form looplike bends
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alluvial fan
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a wide sloping deposit of sediment formed where a stream leaves a mountain range
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delta
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built by deposition; a landform built up where a river drops its sediment when it flows into a still body of water (like an ocean or lake)
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kinetic energy
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energy in motion; when a river moves sediment and erodes it banks
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mass movement and runoff
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causes most sediment to wash or fall into a river
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increasing speed
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what happens to a river as more water flows through it
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water
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major agent of erosion that shapes Earth's land surface
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rills
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tiny grooves in the soil that carry runoff
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flood plains
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wide flat areas of land along a river that are covered by water during floods
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river's flow
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the volume of water that moves past a given point on the river in a given time
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abrasion
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the wearing away of rock by grinding action
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load
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the amount of sediment that a river carries
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runoff
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all the water that moves over Earth's surface
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drainage basin
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the land area from which a river and its tributaries collect water
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divide
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the high ground between two drainage basins
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gullies
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forms when rills flow into one another and form larger grooves
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oxbow lake
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a meander that has been cut off from the river
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stalactite
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a cone shaped deposit that hangs from the roof of a cave
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Formation of a cave
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Groundwater can cause erosion through chemical weathering. Water sinks into the ground and mixes with CO2 to form carbonic acid (a weak acid). Carbonic acid can break down limestone. Some limestone changes chemically and is carried away in a solution of water. This gradually hollow out pockets in the rock. Over time, pockets develop into large holes called underground-caves.
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