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135 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Main muscle of chest
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Pectoralis
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Chest muscle
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Pectoralis
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Function of pectoralis
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Adduction of arm/ forelimb
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Kite-shaped, broad back muscle
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Trapezius
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Insertion and origin of the latissimus dorsi
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Origin: thoracolumbar fascia
Insertion: proximal head of humerus |
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Action of latissimus dorsi
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To move the forelimbs dorsally
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Abdominal muscles that are shaped like : \\ ////
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External obliques
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Abdominal muscle that go in this direction:
//// \\ |
Internal obliques
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Most superficial of the abdominal muscles
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External obliques
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Lies directly under the most superficial of the abdominal muscles
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Internal obliques
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The abdominal muscles originate and insert where?
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Origin: thoracolumbar fascia
Insertion: Rectus sheath/ Ventral aponeurosis |
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How many heads on the triceps brachii?
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3
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Latin: "Line of white"
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Linea alba
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White line of connective tissue that connects the two halves of the rectus sheath
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Linea alba
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Abdominal muscles that go like this: === ===
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Transverse abdominus
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Innermost layer of abdominal muscles
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Transverse abdominus
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This is found deep to the transverse abdominus
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(Parietal) peritoneum
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This tissue lines the abdominal organs.
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Peritoneum
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A six-pack is caused by enlargement of this muscle
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Rectus abdominus
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Abdominal muscles that go like this: || ||
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Rectus abdominus
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Explain where the rectus abdominus is located in respect to the ventral aponeurosis.
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It is "sheathed" by the rectus sheath
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Italian for tailor
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Sartorius
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Origin/ insertion of the sartorius
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Origin: iliac crest
Insertion: Proximal head of tibia |
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Muscle used to sit cross-legged
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Sartorius
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Superficial thigh muscle on the medial sides of the thighs
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Gracilis
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Origin/ insertion of gracilis
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Insertion: Proximal third of tibia
Origin: Pubic symphysis |
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Neck muscle: Sternum to clavicle
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Sternomastoid
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Action of sternomastoid
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Flex the head on the chest
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Most ventral neck muscle
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Sternohyoid
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Neck muscle that covers thyroid gland and trachea
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Sternothyroid
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Thyroid gland is found between the two ____
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Sternothyroids
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This glandular tissue is found in the neck region and covers the heart
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Thymus
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Shoulder muscles
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Deltoid
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How many parts in the deltoid?
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3
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Back of the arm muscle
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Triceps brachii
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Thin leg muscle that is mostly fascia
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Tensor fasciae latae
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Bigger butt muscle in humans, smaller in pigs
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Gluteus maximus
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Smaller butt muscle in humans, larger in pigs
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Gluteus medius
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Action of gluteus maximus
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Abduct thigh
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Major muscle of hamstrings
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Biceps femoris
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Hamstrings are anterior or posterior side of thigh?
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Posterior
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Actions of biceps femoris
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Retract knee
Abducts thigh |
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Insertion/ origin of biceps femoris
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Origin: Posterior innominate
Insert: Tibia |
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Large calf muscle
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Gastrocnemius
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Origin/ insertion of gastrocnemius
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Origin: distal head of femur
Insert: Tendocalcaneous |
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Synergistic to the gastrocnemius
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Soleus
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Which is superficial: gastrocnmenius or soleus?
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Gastrocnemius
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Action of calf muscles
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Plantarflexion
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Ventral muscle of the anterior leg
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Tibialis anterior
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Action of tibialis anterior
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Dorsiflexion
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Tibialis anterior insertion/ origin
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Origin: Proximal head of tibia and fibula
Insert: tarsals |
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Flexor of forelimbs
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Biceps brachii
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Antagonist to biceps brachii
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Triceps brachii
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How many heads on biceps brachii?
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2
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Origin/ insertion: biceps brachii
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Origin: proximal head of humerus
Insert: radius and ulna |
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Anterior thigh muscle group
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Quadriceps
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Main quadricep muscle
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Rectus femoris
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Origin/ Insertion of rectus femoris
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Origin: ilium
Insertion: patellar ligament |
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Area between lips and teeth
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Vestibule
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Attaches tongue to floor of mouth
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Lingual frenulum
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Bumps on the tongue that are contain microscopic taste buds
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Sensory papillae
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Bony part of roof of mouth
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Hard palate
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Ridges on hard palate
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Palatal rugae
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Seal between oropharynx and nasopharynx
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Soft palate
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Does a pig have a uvula?
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NO
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Cartilage flap that keeps food out of trachea
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Epiglottis
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Windpipe
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Trachea
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Voicebox
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Larynx
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Enlargement at cranial end of trachea
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Larynx
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Muscular tube that takes food to stomach
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Esophagus
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Movement of food through GI tract
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Peristalsis
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Below the diaphragm is called
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Abdominal cavity
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Dome-shaped breathing muscle
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Diaphragm
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Separates abdominal and thoracic cavities
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Diaphragm
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3 tubes that pass through diaphragm
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Esophagus
Inferior vena cava Descending aorta |
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Multi-lobe organ that creates bile
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Liver
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Umbilical vein becomes
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Falciform ligament
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Holds liver in place
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Falciform ligament
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Embedded sac in the liver which holds bile
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Gall Bladder
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These drain the liver of bile
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Hepatic duct
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Leads to gall bladder
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Cystic duct
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Cystic+ hepatic=
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Common bile duct
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Muscular pouch where esophagus leads
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Stomach
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Valve at top of stomach
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Cardiac valve
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Valve at bottom of stomach
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Pyloric
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Soupy food mixture leaving the stomach
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Chyme
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Featal poop
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Meconium
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Stomach does what
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Mechanical digestion
Begin ptn digestion |
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3 parts of small intestines in order
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Duodenum
Jejunum Ileum |
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Parts of small intestines shortest to logest
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Duodenum
Jejunum Ileum |
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Vascularized tissue that small intestines connect to
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Mesentery
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Projections in the small intestines that absorb nutrients
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Villi
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Parts of large intestine in order
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Caecum
Spial colon Rectum Anus |
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Humans have a ___ hanging off the caecum.
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Vermiform appendix
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Valve separating small and large intestines
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Ileocecal valve
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Lighter-colored glandular structure located near the stomach
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Pancreas
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Takes pancreas enzymes to duodenum
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Duct of Wirsung (pancreatic duct)
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Elongated organ; major part of lymphatic system
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Spleen
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Retro-peritoneal
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Kidney
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Sits atop the kidney
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Adrenal gland
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Elongated sac for urine
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Urinary bladder
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The ___ become suspensory ligaments to hold the urinary bladder
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Umbilical arteries
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Area above the diaphragm (Chest cavity)
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Thoracic cavity
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Sac containing the heart
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Pericardium
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Where are coronary arteries and veins found?
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Ventral surface of heart
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Major vessel off the top of heart headed to the left to the lungs
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Pulmonary artery
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Aorta at top of heart is called
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Aortic arch
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The pericardial sac is attached to the underside of the _____.
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Sternum
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The trachea breaks apart into 2 _____.
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Bronchi
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The brochi become _____.
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Bronchioles
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The terminal air sacs in the lungs
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Alveoli
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Main artery of the body
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Vena cava
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Main vein of the body
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Vena cava
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Top two heart chambers
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Atria (singular- atrium)
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Bottom two heart chambers
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Ventricles
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The two parts of the vena cava and their locations
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Inferior vena cava (below heart)
Superior vena cava (above heart) |
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Two parts of the aorta and their locations
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Ascending vena cava (to head)
Descending aorta (to lower body) |
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The vena cava dumps into the ______ of the heart
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Right atrium
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Sac which contains the lungs
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Pleura
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Pleura is filled with this
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Interstitial fluids
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Kidney location
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Retroperitoneal
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Blood vessel that takes blood from aorta to kidneys
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Renal artery
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Blood vessel which takes blood from kidneys to vena cava
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Renal vein
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Transport waste filtered by kidney to urinary bladder
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Ureters
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Wastes from the kidneys are sent here
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Urinary bladder
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Depression in the medial surface of kidneys
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Renal hilus
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Female gonads
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Ovaries
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Where fetuses grow in pig (allows for growth of many)
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Uterine horns
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The uterine horns both merge to form this
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Uterus
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Passage from uterus to the outside of the body
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Vagina
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Conical projection inferior to the anus on female pigs
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Urogenital papilla
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Male gonads
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Testes
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Double sac that houses the testes
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Scrotum
(For Jason: sacrum) |
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Tube from the urinary bladder to the outside of the body
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Urethra
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Cylindrical copulatory organ of males
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Penis
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