Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
Nutrients |
A substance that gives the nourishment that is essential for growth and life. |
1.) Essential for life 2.) Gives nourishment |
|
Heterotrophs |
An organism that gets its energy and nutrients by digesting other living organisms. |
1.) Digests other living organisms. 2.) Also called consumers |
|
Autotrophs |
An organism that can meet its nutritional requirements from nonliving sources like sunlight, minerals and air. |
1.) They also are called producers. 2.) Uses non living sources |
|
Photoautotrophs |
Organisms that are able to synthesize their own organic substances from light. |
1.) They are usually green 2.) Use light |
|
Photosynthesis |
When green plants and a few other organisms use sunlight to synthesize foods from carbon and water. |
1.) Done with carbon and water 2.) Certain organisms do this with the sunlight. |
|
Chemoautotrophs |
An organism, usually a type of bacteria that uses oxidation to get energy from inorganic compounds. |
1.) Gets energy from inorganic compounds 2.) Usually bacteria |
|
Chemosynthesis |
The synthesis of organic compounds that is usually done by bacteria using energy from inorganic chemical reactions. |
1.) Done by bacteria 2.) ____ uses energy from inorganic chemical reactions |
|
Cell respiration |
The oxidation of food molecules to carbon dioxide and water. |
1.) ___ is a type of oxidation 2.) Done to food molecules |
|
Producers |
An autotroph that are the source of food for other organisms in a food chain. |
1.) An example would be grass 2.) A source of food |
|
Consumers |
Heterotrophs that feed on other organisms in a food chain. They cannot create their own food. |
1.) Feed on other organisms 2.) An example would be a bear |
|
Decomposers |
Organisms that break down dead and decaying organisms for energy. They are the reason for decomposition and, like consumers, cannot create their own food. |
1.) Break down dead organisms 2.) Mushrooms are an example of these |
|
Food web |
Relationships that are formed between producers, consumers, and decomposers in an ecosystem. They show the transfer of energy and nutrients. |
1.) ___ is the relationships formed 2.) Shows transfer of energy and nutrients |
|
Biotic |
Of or having to do with life or living organisms. |
1.) Living things |
|
Abiotic |
Something that is physical rather than biological. Does not come from living organisms. |
1.) Nonliving things |
|
Ecosystems |
All biotic and abiotic factors in a particular place |
1.) Made up of biotic and abiotic factors |
|
Habitats |
The environment or natural home of an organism. |
1.) ___ is a natural home |
|
Biosphere |
The part of earth and the atmosphere that are capable of supporting life. All of the ecosystems on Earth. |
1.) Contains all of the ecosystems on Earth. |
|
Energy |
The capacity or ability to do work |
1.) ___ is needed to do things mentally or physically 2.) "do work" |
|
Chemical energy |
Energy that is stored in chemical compounds and that is released as a chemical reaction. |
1.) Released in a chemical reaction 2.) Stored in chemical compounds |
|
Free energy |
The part of chemical energy that is available to do work. |
1.) ___ is available to do work 2.) ___ is a part of che |
|
Heat energy |
A thermodynamic quantity that is equivalent to the capacity of a physical system to do work. |
1.) ____ is a thermodynamic quantity. |
|
First Law of Thermodynamics |
Energy cannot be created or destroyed but it can be converted into different forms. |
1.) There are two parts to this
2.) Energy cannot be created or destroyed |
|
Second Law of Thermodynamics |
Systems tend to change in a way that increases the entropy of the system and its surroundings. |
1.) ___ states that there is an increase 2.) 2nd |
|
Entropy |
A thermodynamic quantity that shows the amount of energy in a system that is no longer available to do work. |
1.) ____ is a thermodynamic quantity 2.) No longer available to do work |
|
Enzymes |
Proteins that lower the energy needed for biochemical reactions. Allows for a much faster rate for reaction. |
1.) They are proteins 2.) Catalysts |
|
Catalysts |
Any chemical that lowers the activation energy needed. |
1.) Enzymes are an example of this 2.) ____ lower the activation energy needed |
|
Active site |
A small region on an enzyme that binds to a protein or another substance during a reaction |
1.) Small region 2.) Binds to protein |
|
Substrate |
The material or substance where an enzyme acts. |
1.) The ___ is where an enzyme acts |
|
Metabolism |
The physical and chemical processes that happen within a living cell or organism that are necessary for life. The metabolism breaks down some substances to create energy or synthesizes other substances that are necessary for life. |
1.) The ___ creates energy and synthesizes 2.) The ___ is necessary for life |
|
Synthesis |
The process of producing chemical compounds from the reactions of simpler substances. |
1.) ___ produces chemical compounds 2.) Uses simpler substances |
|
Decomposition |
The process of rotting. |
1.) Decay
|
|
Biosynthesis |
The production of molecules within living cells. |
1.) Happens in living cells 2.) Production |
|
Oxidation |
A chemical reaction where there is a loss of electrons or a gain of oxygen. |
1.) It is a chemical reaction 2.) There is either a loss of ___ or a gain of ___. |
|
ATP |
Adenosine triphosphate. It transports chemical energy within cells for metabolism. |
1.) Transports energy 2.) ___ is for your metabolism |
|
ADP |
Adenosine diphosphate. It is a nucleotide that is made up of adenosine and two phosphate groups. It is converted into ATP for the storage of energy in living cells.
|
1.) It is a nucleotide 2.) Contains adenosine |