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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Mizraim |
Ham's son who settled in Egypt |
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Herodotus |
Greek historian |
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Rosetta Stone |
Slab of black asphalt found in 1799 by French soldiers; has a message carved in three languages - hieroglyphics, demotic (another ancient Egyptian language), and Greek. |
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Jean Francis Champollion |
A French scholar who worked for 14 years to decipher the Rosetta Stone |
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Horus |
Egyptian god with the head of a falcon and body of a man |
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Osiris |
Egyptian god, father of Horus |
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Lower Egypt was in the north and included the delta area. Upper Egypt was to the south and extended to the first cataract. |
Egypt was divided into these two parts. |
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Menes |
First Pharaoh of Egypt; united Upper and Lower Egypt |
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Memphis |
City built by Menes to be his capital |
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Dynasties |
Families within which the right to be king passed from one member to the other |
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Hyksos |
People from the east who conquered Egypt, marking the end of the Middle Kingdom. They were eventually driven out, and not much is known about them |
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Mastabas |
The earliest tombs that pharaohs had built for themselves. Simple brick structures with flat tops and sloping sides |
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Step Pyramid |
Six mastabas stacked together, each smaller than the one beneath, built by Pharoah Djoser. |
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Giza |
Area where the three most famous pyramids were built |
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The Great Pyramid, Pharoah Khufu (also known as Cheops) |
The largest pyramid, and Pharoah it was built for. |
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Khafre |
Pharaoh who has the second largest pyramid in Giza. The Great Sphynx is also near his pyramid. |
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Menkaure |
Pharaoh who has the third largest pyramid in Giza |
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Mortuary Temples |
Pharaohs began using these structures instead of pyramids. |
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Hatshepsut |
The only female pharoah |
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Ramses II |
Pharoah who had many structures built, some still standing. He loved large structures, especially images of himself |
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Tribute |
A payment from one nation to another |
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Thutmose III |
Under this Pharoah, the Egyptian Empire reached its greatest extent - to the Euphrates River in the north to deep Africa in the south |
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Vizier |
Pharoah's chief assistant; acts in the name of Pharoah and supervised the administration of justice, tax collection, military excursion, and construction |
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Upper Class - The ruling class of noble and priests. Middle Class - craftsmen, scribes and soldiers. Lower Class - farmers and slaves |
The three Classes of Ancient Egyptian Society |
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Old Kingdom (2300-2000 BC) - Rise of Egyptian civilization; Great pyramids and Sphinx constructed; Internal turmoil ended this dynasty. Middle Kingdom - (1900-1600 BC) Jacob and family journey to Egypt; Hebrews enslaved in Egypt; Invasion of the Hyksos ended this dynasty. New Kingdom - (1500-1300 BC) began after the Hyksos we're driven out, Exodus of Hebrews from Egypt. |
The history of ancient Egypt is divided into these three dynasties. |
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Nomes |
The small divisions of Upper and Lower Egypt. |
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Cataracts |
The rapids found in the Nile River. |
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Papyrus |
The ancient Egyptians used this plant to make paper. |
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Mediterranean Sea |
This sea forms the northern border of Egypt. |
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Red Sea |
This sea forms the eastern border of Egypt. |
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Lower Egypt |
The Giza is found in which part of Egypt. |
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The Sahara Desert |
This desert lay to the west of Egypt. |