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42 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What was the main cause of the Civil War?
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Slavery and the extension of slavery into new states and territitories
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Who invented the cotton gin?
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Eli Whitney, 1793
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Why was the cotton gin important?
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It made slavery on a large scale profitable
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What year was the Missouri Compromise?
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1820
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What was the Missouri Compromise?
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Missouri admitted to the union as a slave state, Maine as a free state.
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What was the effect of the Missouri Compromise on the issue of slavery in the United states?
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Delay the decision...keep the issue open
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When was the Nullification Crisis and what state was involved?
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1833, South Carolina
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What was the issue in the Nullification Crisis?
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South Carolina passed an ordinance declaring a federal tariff law void in South Carolina. This presented a direct state law v. federal law conflict.
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What happened in the Nullification Crisis?
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President Jackson threatened to to send the navy to Charleston to enforce the tariff (the federal law), South Carolina backed down.
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What year was the Wilmot Proviso?
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1846
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What was the Wilmot Proviso?
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A proposition that any territory gained from Mexico would be free. It was not passed.
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What was the effect of the Wilmot Proviso?
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inflamed the slavery and the anti-slavery factions in the US.
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When was the Mexican-American war?
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1846-1848
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What did the US get in the Mexican-American War?
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Lots of land for new territories and controversy over whether the new territories would be slave or free
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What brought about the Compromise of 1850?
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California wanted to join the union as a free state.
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What were the four main parts of the Compromise of 1850?
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1. California free state
2. Utah and New Mexico, neither free nor slave, but "Poplular sovereignty" re slavery. 3. Slave trade abolished in DC 4. Fugitive Slave Act |
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What was the most controversial part of the Compromise of 1850?
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Fugitive Slave Act
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Who wrote Uncle Tom's Cabin and when?
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Harriet Beecher Stowe, 1852
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What was the effect of Uncle Tom's Cabin?
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hugely popular, persuades many people to oppose slavery.
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What was the Kansas Nebraska Act of 1854/
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Kansas and Nebraska were territories where the slavery questions was determined by "popular soveriegnty".
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Who was important in Congress in passing the Kansas-Nebraska Act?
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Stephen Douglas
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What was the name of the abolitionist in Kansas who killed several pro-slavery settlers?
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John Brown
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Why was Kansas called "bleeding Kansas"?
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Because so many people died in fighting each other over the question of slavery in the ten years leading up to an including the clivil war.
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What were the pro slavery supporters in Kansas called?
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Border Ruffians
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What were the anti-slavery supporters called?
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jayhawks
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What year was the Dred Scott decision?
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1857
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What was the Dred Scott decision about?
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Dred Scott was a slave, he was taked to a free territory and sued for his right to be a free man. Supreme Court said he was not free, he was "property", Missouri Compromise was unconstitutional, blacks did not have the same rights as whites.
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When was John Brown's raid on Harper's Ferry?
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1859
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What was John Brown trying to do when he raided Harper's Ferry?
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trying to start an armed slave revolt, taking the arms in the federal arsenal at Harper's Ferry
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What happened at Harper's Ferry?
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John Brown's men captured the arsenal, then the government counter attack, won. John Brown was and men were captured, Brown was tried for treason and hung.
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What was the South's reaction to John Brown's raid?
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Fear of slave revolt, began forming militia.
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Who became president in 1860?
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Lincoln, Republican
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What was Lincoln's campaign position on slavery?
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non-extension of slavery
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How did Southerners perceive Lincoln?
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As someone who was going to attack their property rights (slaves being property) and attack their way of life (slavery)
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Which party split their vote in the 1860 election and what was the result?
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Democratice party, as a result, the northern Republican nominee, Lincoln, won.
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What state seceeded first?
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South Carolina
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When did South Carolina seceed?
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December, 1860
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When was Fort Sumter attacked?
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April, 1861
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What was Fort Sumter?
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A federal fort in the harbor of Charleston, South Carolina
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How many people were killed when South Carolina militia bombarded Fort Sumter?
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none
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What happened at Fort Sumter?
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The federal government surrendered after 34 hours of attack. The Civil War started.
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What were the economic divisions in America in 1850?
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South: agricultural, investment in slavery
North, industrial and commerce West: immigrants, small farms |