Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
31 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
carbohydrate
|
a biomolecule that consists of carbon, oxygen, and hydrogen in a fixed 1:2:1 ratio.
|
|
monosaccharide
|
the simplest for of carbohydrate, consisting of a single sugar unit; a building block for more complex carbohydrates.
|
|
isomer
|
a molecule that had the same composition as another, but a different arrangement of atoms.
|
|
disaccharide
|
a carbohydrate molecule that is made from two monosaccharide units.
|
|
glycosidic bond
|
a bond between two monosaccharides,
|
|
complex carbohydrate
|
a molecule that is composed of hundreds to thousands of monosaccharides linked together; an essential part of nutrition and a valuable energy source.
|
|
polysaccharide molecule
|
a molecule that contains many linked monosaccharides.
|
|
polymerization
|
a process in which small subunits are linked to format a large molecule.
|
|
monomer
|
a small molecule that can bind chemically to other molecules.
|
|
polymer
|
a large molecule that is formed when monomers link together chemically in a chain.
|
|
lipid
|
a non-political compound that is made mostly of carbon and hydrogen.
|
|
fatty acid
|
a molecule that consists of a carboxyl group and a hydrocarbon chain.
|
|
triglyceride
|
a fat: three fatty acids linked to a glycerol molecule.
|
|
saturated fat
|
a lipid that that is composed of saturated fatty acids with single bonds in their hydrocarbon chain.
|
|
unsaturated fat
|
a lipid that is composed of unsaturated fatty acids with double bonds in their hydrocarbon chain.
|
|
phospolipid
|
lipid that consists of two fatty acids and a phosphate group, usually from ATP, to another molecule.
|
|
steroid
|
a lipid that is composed of four carbon rings.
|
|
wax
|
a lipid that is formed when long fatty acid chains are joined to alcohols or carbon rings.
|
|
protein
|
a large molecule that consists of many amino acid subunits that are joined together by peptide bonds folded into a specific three-dimensional shape.
|
|
nucleic acid
|
a blueprint for proteins that are synthesized in cells; stores herditary information.
|
|
amino acid
|
a molecule that contains a carboxyl group and an amino group; serves as the monomer subunit of proteins.
|
|
peptide bond
|
a covalent bond that links amino acids.
|
|
peptide
|
a chain of amino acid subunits that are connected by peptide bonds.
|
|
polypeptide
|
a peptide with more than 50 amino acids.
|
|
denaturation
|
the loss of both the structure and function of a protein.
|
|
nucleotide
|
the building block of nucleic acids; consists of a 5 - carbon sugar, a nitrogen us base and one to three phosphate groups,
|
|
phosphodiester bond
|
a link that is formed between nucleotides by a phosphate bridge.
|
|
antiparallel
|
oriented in opposite directions
|
|
dynamic equilibrium
|
in homeostasis, the condition that remains stable within fluctuating limits; in populations, the condition in which the birthrate equals the death rate and there is no net change in population size.
|
|
isotope
|
different atoms of the same element containing the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons.
|
|
electrochemical gradient
|
a concentration gradient created by pumping ions into a space surrounded by a membrane that is impermeable to the ions.
|