Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
67 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Population Change
|
|
|
Ecosystem |
The interrelationship of living and nonliving components |
|
Biome |
Global-scale ecosystem |
|
Producer |
Organisms that obtain their energy from the sun |
|
Consumer |
Organisms that obtain their energy from eating other organisms |
|
Decomposer |
Organisms that break down plant and animal fungi |
|
Food chain |
A line of linkage between producers and consumers |
|
Food web |
A diagram that shows all linkage between producers and consumers in an ecosystem |
|
Scavenger |
Organisms that consume dead animals or plants |
|
Adaptations |
The way plants and animals evolve to cope with environments |
|
Nutrient |
Chemical elements and compounds that organisms need to grow and function |
|
Sustainable |
Anything that doesn't threaten future generation |
|
What does overpopulation cause |
Unsustainable growth |
|
GNP |
Gross national product: How much one person is earning in a year |
|
What are the two 2 reasons for desertification |
Population increase Natural processes |
|
Problems of the one child policy |
Forced abortion Women placed under tremendous pressure governments have power over private lives Society prefers boys over girls |
|
Benefits of the one child policy |
Decrease on population People have enough food and jobs Higher standards of living New technology |
|
Rules of the one child policy |
Must not marry until late 20's Must be sterilized after fist child or abort Would have priority housing, pensions, family benefits and free education if you have one child |
|
Penalties for disobeying the one child policy |
A 10% salary cut Very large fine Pay for education, healthcare for the whole family Second children born aboard not allowed to become Chinese citizens |
|
Has the one child policy worked? |
Yes, China's population is now 400 million lower, Population rate dropped from 2.5% to 0.5% |
|
How has Kerala's achieved population decrease? |
Social reform |
|
Educational reforms in Kerala |
Improving education standards Treating women equal to men Providing adult literacy classes Educating people to understand benefits of smaller families |
|
Health reforms in Kerala |
Reducing infant mortality Improving child health through vaccination programs Providing free contraception advice |
|
Social reforms in Kerala |
Encouraging a high age of marriage Allowing maternity leave for only the first two babies Providing extra retirement for those with smaller families Following a land reform programme |
|
What does the ageing population mean |
The number of people at retirement age is increasing relative to the rest of the population |
|
Causes of an ageing population |
Decreasing birth rate longer life expectancy 1950s baby boom ( after ww2) Improved medical care More healthy lifestyles |
|
Problems of an ageing population |
Government needs to spend more on pensions and care homes more money needs to spent on public transport Economically active needs to pay more tax's Longer waiting lists on operations |
|
Dependancy ratio |
(% under 15)+(%over 64) / % working age x 100 |
|
State pension |
The money that the government gives elderly people to live until they die |
|
What contribution do older people make |
Economic contribution Part time Voluntary work childminding Valued for experience |
|
How does the UK government cope with the ageing population |
Increasing birthrate and retirement age Personal saving preventative medicine |
|
Internal company |
The movement of people in the same company |
|
Emigration |
When people move out a country |
|
Immigration |
When people move into a country |
|
Illegal immigration |
People move into another country without legal documents |
|
Asylum Seeker |
people who are held at a country's entry point because they don't have valid documents |
|
Refugee |
Someone who has been forced to leave their home |
|
|
Choropleth Map |
|
informal economy |
working for cash and not paying tax |
|
Why poles live in UK |
Lots of job opportunities get more money in uk than Poland Higher standard of living Better education and healthcare
|
|
How migration of poles in the uk is affecting Poland |
Shortage of skilled workers women do the jobs that men previously occupied Had to recruit workers from other countries |
|
Advantages of people living in the uk |
Contributes to the Uk economy Doing unwanted jobs poles are hardworking |
|
Disadvantages of people living in the uk |
Conflict between the two communities homes are overcrowded taking work away from locals hospitals are overcrowded language barriers |
|
State some densely populated areas
|
India, China,Indonesia and Bangladesh
|
|
Factors encouraging high population densities?
|
No climate change
Natural vegetation Economic Services Governments |
|
State some sparsely populated areas
|
Antartica, Canada and Australia
|
|
Factors encouraging low population densities?
|
Climate extremes
Mountains Lack of natural resources Poor services |
|
Birth rates
|
Number of babies born per 1,000 people per year
|
|
Death rates
|
Number of deaths per 1,000 people per year
|
|
Exponential Growth
|
A pattern where the growth rate constantly increases often shown on a J–curve graph
|
|
Natural decrease
|
Death rates exceeds birth rates
|
|
Natural increase
|
Birth rates exceeds death rates
|
|
State some densely populated areas
|
India, China,Indonesia and Bangladesh
|
|
Factors encouraging high population densities?
|
No climate change
Natural vegetation Economic Services Governments |
|
State some sparsely populated areas
|
Antartica, Canada and Australia
|
|
Factors encouraging low population densities?
|
Climate extremes
Mountains Lack of natural resources Poor services |
|
Birth rates
|
Number of babies born per 1,000 people per year
|
|
Death rates
|
Number of deaths per 1,000 people per year
|
|
Exponential Growth
|
A pattern where the growth rate constantly increases often shown on a J–curve graph
|
|
Natural decrease
|
Death rates exceeds birth rates
|
|
Natural increase
|
Birth rates exceeds death rates
|
|
Migration
|
The movement of one permeant home to another
|
|
Rural–to–urban migration
|
Rural ares to cities
|
|
Emancipation of women
|
Set women free from political,legal and social restrictions
To have equal rights |
|
Emigrant
|
The person leaving country of residence to move to another
|
|
Immigrant
|
Someone entering a country with the intensions of living there
|
|
Fertility rate
|
Average number of babies a women will have during her life time.
|