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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Codominance
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condition in which the phenotypic effects of a gene's alleles are fully and simultaneously expressed in a heterozygote
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Blood types are an example of what type of dominance?
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Codominance
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What is characterized in humans by an antigen called a glycoprotein, found on the surface of RBC?
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MN blood group
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Codominance has what genotypic ratio?
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1:2:1
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Incomplete Dominance
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expression of heterozygous phenotype that is distinct from and often intermediate to that of either parent
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pink flowers as an intermediate of a white parent and a red parent is an example of what?
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Incomplete dominance
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what is the ratio for incomplete dominance?
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1:2:1
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In the ABO system, which antigens are codominant and which is/are recessive?
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A and B are codominant
O is recessive to A and B |
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Bombay phenotype is caused by? mechanically
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The H substance being incompletely formed
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Bombay phenotype is causes by? genetically
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having to hh alleles that inhibit antigens from binding to the cell surface
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recessive lethal alleles
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recessive, lethal when homozygous recessive
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dominant lethal alleles
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lethal with just one copy
e.g. huntingtons disease |
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Combination of two gene pairs with two modes of inheritance gives what ratio?
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3:6:3:1:2:1
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gene interaction
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product of novel phenotypes by the interaction of alleles of genes.
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epistasis
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occurs when the expression of one gene or gene pair masks or modifies the expression of another gene or gene pair
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When is the ratio 3:6:3:4 ratio expected?
first type of epistasis |
When studying a single character, a ratio that is expressed in 16 parts suggests that two gene pairs are interacting during the expression of the phenotype under construction
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When is the the ratio 12:3:1 expected?
second type of epistatis |
when a dominant allele at one genetic locus masks the expression of the alleles at a second locus.
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What type of epistasis is this?
A dominant A allele results in white fruit color regardless of the genotype at the second locus,B. In the absence of the dominant A allele (the aa genotype), BB or Bb results in yellow color, while bb results in green color. |
Second type 12:3:1
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Define the first type of epistasis
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The homozygous presence of a recessive allele prevents or overrides the expression of other alleles at a second locus (or several loci)
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What type of epistasis is this?
In the Bombay phenotype, the homozygous condition at one locus masks the expression of the second locus. hh masks the expression of the A and B alleles, therefore, causing type O blood |
first type of epistasis
3:6:3:4 |
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the homozygous condition of either recessive allele masks the expression of the dominant allele at the other locus
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third type of epistatis. 9:7
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What type of epistasis is th
Two true-breeding plants are crossed. Purple is dominant and white is recessive, if you have a homozygous condition for either set of alleles you'll get white flowers (recessive) |
3rd type of epistasis
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Novel Phenotypes
9:6:1 |
To get the 9- must have a dominant allele in each allele pair.
To get 6- must have a dominant allele in one gene pair. To get 1- must have no dominant alleles. |
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Complementation anaylsis
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allows us to determine whether two such mutations are in the same gene- that is, whether they are alleles, or whether they represent mutations in seperate genes.
"are 2 mutations that yield similar phenotypes present in the same gene or two different genes?" |
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complementation group
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all mutations determined to be present in any single gene
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