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57 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Aerate |
Loosening the soil to introduce more air in order to improve drainage by tilling or using an aerator |
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Annual |
A plant that lives for a single growing season (most grow in spring and summer) |
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Average frost date |
Average date for first frost Nov. 20th in Pensacola, Fl |
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Biennial |
Plant that lives for two growing seasons (typically produce leaves the first year and flowers the next) |
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Deciduous |
A plant that looses its leaves in the winter |
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Amendments |
Organic or mineral material used to improve the soil. (Ex- peat moss, perlite, composts) |
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Antitranspirant |
A substance sprayed on the stems and leaves of evergreens to protect them from water loss in winter winds. |
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Compound Leaf |
A leaf with two or more leaflets branching off a single stalk. |
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Crown |
The part of a plant where roots and stem meet, usually at soil level. |
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Cultivar |
A cultivated variety of a plant, bred for a special trait. |
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Deadheading |
Removing old flowers during the growing season to prevent seed formation in order to encourage the development of new flowers. |
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Division |
Propagation of a plant by separating it into 2 or more pieces, each having at least one bud and some roots. Used mostly for perennials, grasses, ferns, and bulbs. |
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Drainage |
The movement of water down through soil. If water disappears from a planting hole in a few hours, drainage is good. If water remains overnight, drainage is poor. |
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Drip Line |
An imaginary line on the soil around the tree that mirrors the circumference of the canopy above. Many of the trees roots are found in this area. |
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Dry Laid |
A masonry path or wall that is installed without mortar |
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Edging |
A shallow trench or physical barrier of brick/plastic/boards used to define the border between a flower bed and adjacent turf. |
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Exposure |
The intensity, duration and variation of sun, wind and temperature that characterize a site. |
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Feeder Roots |
Slender branching roots that spread close to the soil surface and absorb most of the nutrients for a tree or shrub. |
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Formal |
A style of landscaping with symmetrical layout, beds and walks adjacent buildings, and often with plants sheared to geometrical shapes. |
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Foundation Planting |
A narrow border of evergreen shrubs planted around the foundation of the house. |
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Frost Heaving |
A disturbance or uplifting of soil, pavement, or plants caused when moisture in the soil freezes and expands. |
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Full shade |
A site that receives no direct sun. |
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Full sun |
A site that receives at least 8 hours of direct sun each day during the growing season. |
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Garden Soil |
Soil prepared for planting to make it loose enough for roots and water to penetrate easily. Usually requires digging or rolling and the addition of some organic matter. |
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Grade |
The degree and direction of the slope on a piece of ground. |
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Ground cover |
A plant such as ivy liriope or juniper used to cover the soil and form a continuous low mass of foliage. Often used as a durable substitute for turf grass. |
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Habit |
The characteristic shape or form of a plant Ex- upright, spreading, or rounded |
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Hardiness |
A plant’s ability to survive the winter without protection from the cold. |
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Hardiness Zone |
A geographical region where the coldest temperatures in an average winter falls within a certain range, such as 0 to 10 degrees. |
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Hardscape |
Parts of a landscape constructed from materials other than plants i.e. walls, trellises and paths. |
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Herbicide |
A chemical used to kill plants. Preemergent herbicide is used to kill weed seeds. Postemergent kills plants that are already growing. |
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Hybrid |
A plant resulting from a cross between two parents that belong to different variations or species. |
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Interplant |
To combine plants with different bloom times or growth habits, making it possible to fit more plants in the bed. |
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Invasive |
Describes a plant that spreads quickly, usually by runners and mixes with or dominates other plantings. |
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Landscape fabric |
A synthetic fabric, sometimes water-permeable, spread under mulch to serve as a weed barrier. |
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Lime, limestone |
White mineral compounds used to combat soil acidity and to supply calcium for plant growth. |
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Loam |
An ideal soil for gardening, containing plenty of organic matter and a balanced range of small to large mineral particles. |
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Microclimate |
Local conditions of shade, exposure, wind, and drainage. |
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Mowing strip |
A row of bricks or paving stones set flush with the soil around the edge of a bed, and wide enough to support one wheel of a lawn mower. |
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Mulch |
A layer of chopped up material spread over the soil around the base of plants. Helps slow evaporation, inhibit weeds and moderate soil temperature. Can protect plants from freezing. |
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Organic Matter |
Plant and animal residues such as leaves, trimmings, and manure in various stages of decomposition. |
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Peat Moss |
Partially decomposed misses and sedges, mined from boggy areas and used to improve garden soil. |
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Pressure Treated Lumber |
Softwood lumber treated with chemicals that protect it from decay. |
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Propagate |
To produce new plants from existing ones by sowing seeds, rooting cuttings, dividing plant parts, layering, grafting, or other means. |
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Retaining Wall |
A wall built to stabilize a slope and keep soil from sliding downhill. |
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Rhizome |
A horizontal underground stem, often swollen into a storage organ. Both roots and shoots emerge from rhizomes. Rhizomes typically branch as they creep along and can be divided to make new plants. |
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Rosette |
A low, flat cluster of leaves arranged like the petals of a rose. |
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Selective Pruning |
Using pruning shears to remove or cut back individual shoots, in order to refine the shape of a shrub, maintain its growth, or limit its size. |
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Severe Pruning |
Using pruning sheets or loppers to cut away most of a shrubs top growth, leaving just short stubs or a gnarly trunk. |
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Shearing |
Shaping the surface of a shrub, hedge or tree to produce a smooth. solid mass of greenery in a desired shape. |
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Specimen Plant |
A plant placed alone in a prominent position, to show it off. |
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Spike |
An elongated flower cluster. |
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Tender |
Describes a plant damaged by cold weather. |
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Underplanting |
Growing short plants, such as ground covers, under taller plants, such as shrub. |
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Variegated |
Foliage that is marked, striped, or blotched with color other than green. |
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Partial sun |
4-6 hours of sun a day |
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Partial shade |
2-4 hours of sun a day. |