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52 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
chemical compound that provides energy for use by body cells
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adenosine triphosphate (ATP)
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fat tissue
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adipose
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a type of connective tissue consisting of fibers and a variety of cells embedded in a loose matrix of soft sticky gell
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areolar
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cerve cell process that transmits impules away from the cell body
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axon
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one of a pair of tiny cylinders in the centrosome of a cell; believed to be involved with the spindle fibers formed during mitosis
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centriole
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a beadlike structure that attaches one chromatid to another during the early stages of mitosis
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centromere
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a cartilage cell
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chondrocyte
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a chromosome strand
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chrmatid
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principle organic constituent of connective tissue
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collagen
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shape in which cells are higher than they are wide
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columnar
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abnormal notching in an erythrocyte resulting from shrinkage after suspension in a hypertonic solution
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crenation
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cell shape resumbling a cube
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cuboidal
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the gellike substace of a cell exclusive of the nucleus and other organelles
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cytoplasm
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branching or treelike; a nerve cell process that transmits impules toward the body
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dendrite
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genetic material of the cell that carries the chemical blueprint of the body
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deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)
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supporting cells of nervous tissue; also called neuro_____.
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glia
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specialized cells found in simple columnar epithelium that produce mucus
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goblet cells
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spercialized connective tissue that is responsible for the formation of blood cells and lymphatic system cells, found in red bone marrow,spleen,tonsils,and lymph nodes.
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hemopoietic tissue
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a solution containing a higher level of salt than is found in a living red blood cell
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hypertonic
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a solution containing a lower level of salt than is found in a living red blood cell
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hypotonic
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the phase immediately before the visible stages of cell division when the DNA of each chromosome replicates itself
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interphase
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disintegration of a cell
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lyse
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the intracellular substance of a tissue
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matrix
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indirect cell division involving complex changes in the nucleus
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mitosis
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first stage of mitosis during which chromosomes become visible
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prophase
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second stage of mitosis, during which the nuclear evelope and nucleolus dissappear
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metaphase
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stage of mitosis; duplicate chromosomes more to poles of dividing cell
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anaphase
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last stage of mitosis in which the cell divides
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telophase
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nerve cell, including its processes
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neuron
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a special type of cytoplasm found in the nucleus
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nucleoplasm
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cell organ
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organelle
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hairlike projections of cells
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cilia
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network or tubules and vesicles in cytoplasm
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endoplsmic reticulum (ER)
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single projection extending from the cell surface
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flagellum
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small sacs stacked on one another near the nucleus that makes carbohydrate compounds, combines them with protein molecules, and packages the product in globule
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Golgi apparatus
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membranous organelles containing various enzymes that can dissolve most cellular compounds; hence called digestive bags or suicide bags of cells
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lysosome
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threadlike structures
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mitochondria
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critical to protein formation because it programs the formation of ribisomes in the nucleus
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nucleolus
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spherical structure within a cell; a group of neuron cell bodies in the brain or spinal cord; central core of the atom, made up of protons and neutrons
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nucleus
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membrane that separates the contents of a cell from the tissue fluid; encloses the cytoplasm and forms the outer boundary of the cell
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plasma membrane
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organelle in the cytoplasm of cells that synthesizes proteins; also known as a protein factory
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ribosome
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a nucleic acid found in the cytoplasm that is crucial to protein synthesis
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ribonucleic acid (RNA)
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a network of tubules formed in the cytoplasm between the centrioles as they are moving away from each other
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spindle fiber
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scalelike
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squamous
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when the double stranded DNA molecules unwnd and form mRNA
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transcription
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the synthesis of a protein by ribosomes
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translation
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separation of smaller particles from larger particles through semipermeable membrane
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dialysis
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spreading
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diffusion
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movement of water and solutes through a membrane by a higher hydrostatic pressure on one side
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filtration
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movement of a fluid through a semipermeable membrane
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osmosis
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ingestion and digestion of articles by a cell
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phagocytosis
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the active transport mechanism used to transfer fluids or dissolved substances into cells
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pinocytosis
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