Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
60 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Hyphema Blood in anterior chamber of the eye. Serious Refer to optometrist. |
|
|
Hypopyn White blood cell (sterile puss) in the anterior chamber, usually accompanied by redness of the conjunctiva and episclera. Sign of inflammation. SeriousRefer to optometrist |
|
|
Ecchymosis (Black Eye) Discoloration, purple black and blue and swelling of the orbit. Serious Refer to optometrist |
|
|
Nevus Benign, pigmented growth, similar to a mole on your skin. Refer to optometrist for monitoring. |
|
|
Ectropion The eyelid, typically the lower lid, turns out. Inner eyelid surface exposed and prone to irritation. More common in older adults. Refer to optometrist for treatment |
|
|
Entropian Eyelid turns inward. Eyelashes and skin rub against the eye surface, causing irritation. Typically lower lid of older adults. Refer to optometrist for treatment |
|
|
Trichiasis Eyelashes that grow back toward the eye, touching the cornea or conjunctiva. Refer to optometrist for treatment |
|
|
Fenestration Little holes drilled into PMMA contact lenses to aid in tear exchange and allow proper oxygen transfer to the cornea. Usually where pooling occures. |
|
|
Bubble under steep contact lens Too much vaulting between cornea surface and back of hard contact lens. Causes Dimple Veiling. |
|
|
Dimple Veiling Bubbles caught beneath hard contact lens indent the corneal epithelium. Small stippling pattern on cornea when fluoresced. |
|
|
Corneal Transplant Zigzag stitch-like pattern on the cornea. Correction with RGPs preferable if resulting astigmatism cannot be corrected with glasses. |
|
|
Dacryocystitis (elephant man syndrome) Pain, swelling, redness over the lacrimal sac at medial canthus. Tearing, crusting, fever, pressure over the lacrimal sac may extrude pus through the punctum. Refer to optometrist for treatment |
|
|
Basal Cell Carcinoma A reddish nodule slowly forming on the eyelid. Commonly found on the lower eyelid, followed by the medial canthus (toward the nose) and can occur onthe upper eyelid. Eyelash loss around the tumor suggests it is malignant. Refer to optometrist for treatment |
|
|
Steep Contact Lens Central pooling , peripheral touch. |
|
|
Pannus Major growth of blood vessels (usually superiorly) into the peripheral cornea. Chroniclocal hypoxia (such as that occurring with overuse of contact lenses) orinflammation. |
|
|
Keratinization Surfaceof the cornea is bumpy, no longer smooth. Caused by the hardeningof epithelial cells. Refer to optometrist for treatment. |
|
|
Pterygium Triangular growth of the conjunctiva onto the cornea. More commonly located on the nasal of theeye. Can obstruct vision. Direct sunlight a factor. Refer to optometrist for treatment. |
|
|
Central Corneal Clouding Lossof transparency of the cornea. Can bea result of not enough oxygen getting to the cornea. Sclerotic Scatter illumination. Refer to optometrist for treatment. |
|
|
Arcus Senilis Limbus becomes opaque, less defined. Commonly in the elderly. Diet is a factor. |
|
|
Blanching Edgeof contact lens is tight and cuts off blood vessels causing them to engorge. Fit flatter. |
|
|
Stye (hordeolum) Blocked meibomian gland on lid margin. Treat with warm compresses, or old tea bags. |
|
|
Radial Keratotomy (RadialK) Numerous radial incisions extending from the pupil to the periphery of the cornea. Reduces myopia by flattening cornea. |
|
|
Giant PapillaryConjunctivitis (GPC) Innerlining of the eyelid inflamed with small bumps. Can grow form cobblestone pattern. Response to chronic irritation or allergic reaction (contact lenses). Refer if condition persists after discontinued use of contactlenses. |
|
|
Cataract Clouding of the crystalline lens. Refer to optometrist for monitoring. |
|
|
Transient Foreign BodyStain Irregular “scratch” or squiggle that presents when fluoresced (corneal skating rink). Foreign body stuck under a contact lens or eyelid. Refer if condition persists. |
|
|
Keratitis Cornea is inflamed. Moderate to intense pain, impaired eyesight. It may cause feelings of itchiness with blinks. Refer to optometrist for treatment. |
|
|
Chalazion A cyst in the eyelid. Inflammation of a blocked meibomian gland, usually on the upper eyelid. Refer to optometrist for monitoring. |
|
|
Sub-conjunctiva Hemorrhage Bleeding underneath the conjunctiva. Refer to optometrist for monitoring. |
|
|
Piggyback Lens Hard gas perm lens worn over soft contact lens. Used to correct sever cases of Keratoconus. Patient will already be monitored by an ophthalmologist. |
|
|
Munson’s Sign V-shaped indentation in the lower eyelid when the patient's looks down. Indication of keratoconus. Referto optometrist. |
|
|
Rust Ring Rust coloured ring left behind after metal foreign body has been removed. Referto optometrist if the spot is newly developed. |
|
|
Keyhole Iridectomy Surgical removal of part of the iris. Used in treatment of closed-angle glaucoma and iris melanoma. Increased aqueous flow after cataract surgery. Caused a lot of issues with glare. |
|
|
Herpes Zoster Vesicular rash along trigeminal nerve. Caused by chickenpox virus. Refer to optometrist. |
|
|
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa (Corneal meltdown) Bacterial infection causing severe damage and inflammation to cornea and surrounding area. Eats through cornea overnight. REFER - SCRUB EVERYTHING. |
|
|
Dendritic Ulcers (Epithelial keratitis) A linear branching corneal ulcer seen with fluorescein. Refer to optometrist. |
|
|
Ptosis A drooping or falling of the upper or lower eyelid. Sudden onset can indicate damage to third cranial nerve. Can hamper child's visual development. Refer to optometrist. |
|
|
Ptosis Crutch Apparatus attached to eyeglasses to support drooping lid due to ptosis. |
|
|
Exophthalmos Bulging of the eye anteriorly out of theorbit. Can be either bilateral (as is often seen in Graves' disease (thyroid conditions) or unilateral (as is often seen in an orbital tumor). Refer to optometrist. |
|
|
Cataract Surgery Sutures 3-9 long limbus. Used at site of incision for cataract removal. |
|
|
Corneal Abrasion A scratch on the cornea. Can become an ulcer if not treated. Refer to optometrist for treatment. |
|
|
Keratoconus (GLOBE CONE) Thinning disorder of the cornea that causes visual distortion. Refer to optometrist. |
|
|
Corneal infiltrates Single or multiple white inflammatory cells that have migrated into the normally transparent corneal tissue. Refer if condition persists. |
|
|
Microphthalmia One or both eyeballs are abnormally small. Occurs before birth. |
|
|
Dermoid cyst Benign tumor consisting of normal cells occurring in an abnormal location. |
|
|
Pinguecula A yellow-white deposit on the conjunctiva adjacent to the limbus. UV a factor. |
|
|
Flat RGP Apical touch, edge lift |
|
|
WTR Astigmatism pattern 6 and 12 pooling. |
|
|
ATR Astigmatism pattern 3 and 9 pooling. |
|
|
Tear Break Up Time (TBUT) < 8 low 8 - 15 normal 18+ amazing |
|
|
Good Fit RGP Good centration, even fluorescein pattern, good movement. |
|
|
Tricurve RGP |
|
|
Keratoconus (NIPPLE CONE) Thinning disorder of the cornea that causes visual distortion. Refer to optometrist. |
|
|
Deposits on RGP Lens |
|
|
Rose Bengal Staining Will stain damaged conjunctival and corneal cells (sick or dead). Fluorescein will only stain dead cells. Tends to sting. |
|
|
Symblepharon Partial or complete adhesion of the palpebral conjunctiva of the eyelid to the bulbar conjunctiva of the eyeball. |
|
|
Acanthamoeba Keratitis A white "ring" to cover the iris, as well as redness in the white of the eye. Commonly found in water sources, such as tap water, well water, hot tubs, and soil and sewage systems. Serious Refer to optometrist. |
|
|
Anterior Chamber Intraocular Lenses (IOL) (Angle Supported Phakic Intraocular Lenses) Placed in the anterior chamber of the eye. |
|
|
Vernal conjunctivitis Chronic irritation in the tissues that line the eyes caused by an allergic reaction Refer to optometrist. |
|
|
Embedded foreign body in eye Serious Refer to optometrist. |
|
|
Soft contact lens deposits |