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76 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
A sensory deficit following this pattern is also known as [ ... ] neuropathy. |
stocking glove sensory neuropathy |
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Stocking glove sensory neuropathy is associated with what endocrinologic condition? |
Diabetes mellitus, specifically, poor glucose control in patients with Diabetes. |
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This patient likely suffered from a stocking glove sensory deficit and developed [...] on the bottom of their feet. |
(diabetic) foot ulcers |
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This patient has developed [...], a deformity of load bearing joints that arises due to the sensory deficits associated with diabetes (or other neuropathic conditions.) |
Charcot joints |
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What is this skin-finding known as, and what specific condition is it associated with? |
Acanthosis nigricans Associated with insulin resistance (type II Diabetes mellitus) |
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Name this pre-tibial lesion that usually begins with a well-circumscribed plaque with a waxy center and telangiectasia. What disease is it associated with in rare cases (<1%)? |
Necrobiosis lipoidica diabeticorum Found in less than 1% of diabetics. |
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A fundoscopic exam with these findings would indicate what diagnosis? |
Diabetic retinopathy Findings include microaneurysms and intraretinal microhemorrhages (flame hemorrhages). Dot and blot pattern |
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These lesions are also associated with Diabetic retinopathy. What are they called? |
cotton wool spots
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What fundoscopic changes are associated with diabetes? |
microvascular complications may produce: microaneurysms and intraretinal microhemorrhages (dot and blot changes), cotton wool spots, flame hemorrhages, and vessel proliferation. |
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Diabetes alone will NOT produce which eye finding? |
papilledema |
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Oral hyperpigmentation is associated with... |
Addison's disease aka Adrenal hypofunction |
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What is this finding, and what would it suggest? |
Hyper pigmentation of scars from Addison's disease, or Adrenal hypofunction. |
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A patient, appearing like the one in the image, presents to your clinic with general weakness (asthenia), low blood pressure, and massive weight loss. What endocrine disorder may they be suffering from? |
Addison's disease (adrenal hypo function) |
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What is this finding? What endocrine disorder may it be associated with? |
Hirsutism from Adrenal hypo function, aka Addison's disease |
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What psychiatric symptoms are associated with Addison's disease?
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depression, schizophrenia, and bipolar disorder |
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A patient with massive weight loss, low blood pressure, and enhanced senses like smell, taste, and hearing is likely experiencing? |
Addison's disease |
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What Basic Metabolic Panel findings are consistent with Addison's disease? |
High potassium (K+), low sodium (Na+), low glucose |
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This patient presents to your clinic complaining of amennorhea. What diagnosis is likely? What symptoms do they display that affirm your diagnosis? |
Cushing's disease (adrenal excess) Visible on this patient: Hirsutism (sideburn hair appearing) Moon facies striae present (arrow) obesity |
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What symptom does this patient prominently display? What condition is this symptoms associated with? |
Buffalo hump-Cushing's disease |
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This patient presents to your clinic complaining of weight gain and headaches. Based on his appearance, what do you suspect he has? Name the symptoms he's displaying, plus other symptoms that are common with his disorder. |
Cushing's disease Patient has: weight gain, headaches, central obesity, gynecomastia, abdominal striae, thin limbs, easy bruising. Other symptoms common with Cushing's: Hypertension, psychiatric symptoms like anxiety and mania, increased infections, muscle weakness, peripheral edema, decreased libido, glucose intolerance (with or without diabetes.) |
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This patient's appearance is consistent with... |
Acromegaly: enlarged mandible and frontal bone prominence |
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This patient complains that her wedding ring no longer fits. You suspect? |
Acromegaly |
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This patient presents to your clinic complaining that his rings no longer fit. Name his symptom that is on display in this image and the associated condition he has. |
Macroglossia Acromegaly (also associated with hypothyroidism) |
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A patient presents to your clinic. He is 6'8'', has a large forehead and limbs. Visual testing yields these results. Name this visual field abnormality and diagnose this patient. Why does he have these visual deficits? |
bitemporal hemianopsia Acromegaly A pituitary tumor is compressing his optic chiasm. |
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What is a common endocrine comorbidity associated with acromegaly? |
Diabetes mellitus |
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What is the leading cause of death of patients with acromegaly? |
Congestive heart failure |
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Diagnosis and confirmatory findings present |
Hypothyroidism Loss of lateral eyebrows and periorbital edema |
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Diagnosis and associated findings |
Hypothyroidism Non pitting edema of the face. Coarse hair. |
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Symptoms and associated endocrine condition |
alopecia Hypothyroidism |
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This patient presents to the clinic. In addition to the finding in the image, he also has bradycardia, deep tendon reflexes with a slow relaxation phase, and an apathetic affect. He complains that the room is cold despite it being 75 degrees. What is the diagnosis? What symptoms is he displaying? |
Hypothyroidism Macroglossia (also associated with Acromegaly) |
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The following symptoms are associated with [...] Coarse, dry hair and skin Moderate weight gain and muscle pain (myalgia) Bradycardia Cold intolerance Constipation Deep tendon reflexes with slow relaxation phase macroglossia apathy |
Hypothyroidism |
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Myxedema |
Hypo metabolic state due to thyroid hormone insufficiency. Symptoms and exam findings consistent with hypothyroidism. |
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Deep tendon reflexes with a slow relaxation phase are also called [...] |
Woltman sign |
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Name this finding and the associated condition |
non-pitting pretibial myxedema Graves disease |
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This patient was asked to quickly gaze up and then rapidly down. Name this finding and the associated condition |
Lid lag Hyperthyroidism |
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Name this finding and the associated condition |
proptosis Graves disease |
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Name this finding and the associated condition |
Oncyolysis Hyperthyroidism |
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Name this finding and its associated pathology (endocrine) |
pitting leg edema, a result of high-output heart failure in association with Hyperthyroidism |
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The following symptoms are seen in association with [...] Lid lag fine resting tremor (action tremor) Smooth, velvety skin Heat intolerance Diarrhea and weight loss Oncyolysis Tachycardia High-output heart failure (leg edema, increased JVD, S3) Rapid deep tendon reflexes |
Hyperthyroidism (thyrotoxicosis) |
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A skin finding like this one may be associated with... |
Zebra rash associated with glucoagonoma |
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Sign and associated condition(s) |
Pemberton's sign. Facial plethora produced by raising both arms. Can be seen in large thyroid goiters that extend into the thoracic inlet. Also seen with SVC syndrome. |
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Symptom and associated conditions. |
Goiter. Can be hypo or hyperthyroidism. Have to differentiate with other symptoms or labs |
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This patient is not pregnant. What condition is likely causing this symptom? What other symptoms may you expect in this or other patients (males or females?) |
Prolactinoma Infertility, impotence, decreased libido, visual field deficits (mass effect) |
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Non functional adenomas of the pituitary would produce what symptoms? What is a potential risk of this condition? |
visual field cuts (mass effect), compression of other structures. possibility of spontaneous infarct or hemorrhage |
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MEN 1 syndrome |
Autosomal dominant. Any 2 of these 3 conditions: Hyperparathyroidism, anterior pituitary tumor, enters-pancreatic tumors (insulinoma) |
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Finding and associated disease |
Peau d'orange (orange peel). Dimpled, firm breast due to lymphatic invasion of inflammatory breast carcinoma |
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Finding and associated disease |
nipple retraction, common in breast malignancy but could be caused by benign mass |
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Finding and disease |
Paget's disease of the breast. eczematous change of the nipple due to underlying invasive carcinoma. |
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How to palpate the thyroid |
Visual inspection during swallowing. Anterior palpation with right hand. Bimanual palpation from behind (shown) |
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Differential diagnosis for a pituitary mass |
Pituitary adenoma Craniopharyngioma Meningioma Basilar artery aneurysm Nerve sheath tumors (cranial nerves) |
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test of choice to diagnose a growth hormone tumor (acromegaly) |
IGF-1 |
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Differential diagnosis for galactorrhea |
chronic nipple stimulation high prolactin level hypo and hyperthyroidism chronic renal failure medications: antipsychotics, narcotics, others |
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struma ovarii |
extra-thyroidal tissue in an ovarian teratoma. Clinical clues: clinical hyperthyroidism, normal thyroid exam, pelvic exam and imaging. |
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Kussmaul's respirations |
deep respirations associated with type 1 diabetes mellitus. |
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thyrotoxicosis factitia |
All the findings of thyrotoxicosis but no clinical findings of Graves' disease and a normal thyroid gland by examination. Exogenous hormone administration. |
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Answer: lid lag |
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Answer: loss of both lateral visual fields |
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Answer: cotton wool spots |
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Answer: order a serum glucose level |
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Answer: glycosylated hemoglobin |
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answer: substernal thyroid gland extension |
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answer: serum IGF-1 |
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answer: cold intolerance |
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answer: impressive abdominal striae |
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answer: extra-thyroidal tissue producing hyperthyroidism |
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answer: arterial pH of 7.15 |
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answer: inflammatory breast carcinoma |
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answer: type 2 diabetes mellitus |
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Answer: Deep tendon reflexes showing delayed relaxation |
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Answer: hypertension |
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answer: Hashimoto's thyroiditis |
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Answer: inability to remove wedding ring |
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Answer: sensory neuropathy in a stocking-glove distribution |
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answer: constipation and slow relaxation of deep tendon reflexes |
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Answer: Low 24-hour radioiodine therapy |
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Answer: prolactinoma |